Evaluación de variables fisicoquímicas en el rendimiento de biodiesel a partir de residuos aceitosos de aguas residuales de industrias pesqueras

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of physicochemical variables on the performance of the process for obtaining biodiesel from oily residues from wastewater from fishing industries. Initially, the oil extracted from the grease traps was characterized for the stabilization of the parameters that influence the process, obtaining a viscosity of 38 mPa/s, density 0.927 g/ml, saponification index 260.4 mg KOH/g; however, it was necessary to neutralize and dry the oil to reduce the acidity to 0.97% and the humidity to 0.03%, fulfilling the requirements for later transesterification that allowed determining the treatment that increases the yield of the process for obtaining biodiesel from the analysis of the parameters temperature, alcohol/oil molar ratio (REA) and catalyst concentration (CC), according to the established experimental design (Temperature 60 ºC and 80 ºC, REA 6:1 and 9:1, CC 0.8% and 1.3%). With this, it was obtained that the best treatment was T7 (Temperature 80 ºC, REA 9:1 and CC 0.8%), which presented a yield of 94% biodiesel extraction, with an acidity of 0.39 mg KOH/ g, viscosity 2.7 mPa/s, ash <0.02%, density 883.7 kg/m3, flash point 120 °C, cetane number 41; however, the water content was high with 560 mg/kg, therefore it requires a more efficient drying process. Finally, the unit cost for its development in the industry was established, obtaining a cost per barrel of biodiesel of $86,04, equivalent to $0.54 per liter.

• Autor principal: Cedeño Vargas, María Belén (author)
• Formato: masterThesis
• Idioma: spa
• Publicado em: 2022
• Assuntos: Segunda generación; Rendimiento; Calidad; Costo producción
• Acesso em linha: http://repositorio.espam.edu.ec/handle/42000/1810