Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on site
The accurate determination of compacted soil density is essential to ensure the quality and stability of infrastructure works, especially in civil engineering projects where quality control is crucial. In this context, this research project was developed to evaluate the accuracy of direct and indire...
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Afegir etiqueta | _version_ | 1862910696155512832 |
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| author | Caiza Cachumba, Brenda Nicole |
| author2 | Racines Crespo, José Sebastián León Torres, Paúl Javier |
| author2_role | author author |
| author_facet | Caiza Cachumba, Brenda Nicole Racines Crespo, José Sebastián León Torres, Paúl Javier |
| author_role | author |
| collection | Revista FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Caiza Cachumba, Brenda Nicole Racines Crespo, José Sebastián León Torres, Paúl Javier |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2025-11-24 |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | application/pdf text/xml |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/RevFIG/article/view/7977 10.29166/revfig.v20i2.7977 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | spa |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Facultad de Ingeniería en Geología, Minas, Petróleos y Ambiental - Universidad Central del Ecuador |
| dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv | https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/RevFIG/article/view/7977/11228 https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/RevFIG/article/view/7977/11845 |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo; Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Recursos Estratégicos; e7977 FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo; Vol. 20 Núm. 2 (2025): Recursos Estratégicos; e7977 2602-8484 1390-7042 10.29166/revfig.v20i2 reponame:Revista FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo instname:Universidad Central del Ecuador instacron:UCE |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | precisión densidad del suelo densímetro compactación accuracy soil density densimeter compaction |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on site Estudio de precisión de métodos directos e indirectos para medir la densidad en sitio |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
| description | The accurate determination of compacted soil density is essential to ensure the quality and stability of infrastructure works, especially in civil engineering projects where quality control is crucial. In this context, this research project was developed to evaluate the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring the density of different types of soil in situ, using laboratory test benches. The main objective was to compare the accuracy of direct methods (sand cone, density, and unit weight) and indirect methods (nuclear densimeter and electrical densimeter) to determine parameters such as degree of compaction, moisture content, wet density, and dry density of compacted soils. To this end, soil samples were extracted and characterized and classified according to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) through granulometry, consistency limits, and plasticity index tests, verifying that they met the required properties. The methodology included the creation of test banks using the standard Proctor test and the application of selected methods to measure density in sands, silts, and clays. The results were statistically analyzed using standard deviation, coefficient of variation, normality analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA), supplemented with comparative tables and graphs. It was determined that direct methods were more accurate under controlled conditions, while indirect methods were more effective in terms of speed and ease of application. The conclusions allowed the advantages and limitations of each methodology to be identified, contributing to the selection of the most appropriate techniques for different applications in the field of engineering. This study contributed to the choice of more reliable methodologies for quality control in the construction of embankments or the compaction of structural layers of roads, optimizing processes and ensuring greater structural safety. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | article |
| id | REVFIGEMPA_3fcd932ad7ca2d7ef99bac1d4b63ead2 |
| identifier_str_mv | 10.29166/revfig.v20i2.7977 |
| instacron_str | UCE |
| institution | UCE |
| instname_str | Universidad Central del Ecuador |
| language | spa |
| network_acronym_str | REVFIGEMPA |
| network_name_str | Revista FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:revistadigital.uce.edu.ec:article/7977 |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Facultad de Ingeniería en Geología, Minas, Petróleos y Ambiental - Universidad Central del Ecuador |
| reponame_str | Revista FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | * |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | Revista FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo - Universidad Central del Ecuador |
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| rights_invalid_str_mv | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| spelling | Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on siteEstudio de precisión de métodos directos e indirectos para medir la densidad en sitioCaiza Cachumba, Brenda NicoleRacines Crespo, José SebastiánLeón Torres, Paúl Javierprecisióndensidad del suelodensímetrocompactaciónaccuracysoil densitydensimetercompactionThe accurate determination of compacted soil density is essential to ensure the quality and stability of infrastructure works, especially in civil engineering projects where quality control is crucial. In this context, this research project was developed to evaluate the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring the density of different types of soil in situ, using laboratory test benches. The main objective was to compare the accuracy of direct methods (sand cone, density, and unit weight) and indirect methods (nuclear densimeter and electrical densimeter) to determine parameters such as degree of compaction, moisture content, wet density, and dry density of compacted soils. To this end, soil samples were extracted and characterized and classified according to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) through granulometry, consistency limits, and plasticity index tests, verifying that they met the required properties. The methodology included the creation of test banks using the standard Proctor test and the application of selected methods to measure density in sands, silts, and clays. The results were statistically analyzed using standard deviation, coefficient of variation, normality analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA), supplemented with comparative tables and graphs. It was determined that direct methods were more accurate under controlled conditions, while indirect methods were more effective in terms of speed and ease of application. The conclusions allowed the advantages and limitations of each methodology to be identified, contributing to the selection of the most appropriate techniques for different applications in the field of engineering. This study contributed to the choice of more reliable methodologies for quality control in the construction of embankments or the compaction of structural layers of roads, optimizing processes and ensuring greater structural safety.La adecuada determinación de la densidad de suelos compactados constituye un aspecto fundamental para garantizar la calidad y estabilidad de obras de infraestructura, especialmente en proyectos de ingeniería civil donde el control de calidad resulta decisivo. En este contexto, se desarrolló esta investigación con la finalidad de evaluar la precisión de métodos directos e indirectos en la medición de la densidad en sitio de distintos tipos de suelos, mediante la utilización de bancos de prueba en laboratorio. El objetivo principal fue comparar la exactitud de métodos directos (cono de arena, densidad y peso unitario) e indirectos (densímetro nuclear y densímetro eléctrico) para determinar parámetros como grado de compactación, contenido de humedad, densidad húmeda y densidad seca de suelos compactados. Para ello, se extrajeron muestras de suelo, las cuales fueron caracterizadas y clasificadas de acuerdo con el Sistema Unificado de Clasificación de Suelos (SUCS), mediante ensayos de granulometría, límites de consistencia e índice de plasticidad, verificando que cumplieran con las propiedades requeridas. La metodología contempló la conformación de bancos de prueba empleando el ensayo Proctor estándar y la aplicación de los métodos seleccionados para medir la densidad en arenas, limos y arcillas. Los resultados fueron analizados estadísticamente a través de la desviación estándar, coeficiente de variación, análisis de normalidad y análisis de varianza (ANOVA), complementados con tablas y gráficas comparativas. Los hallazgos mostraron que, bajo condiciones controladas, los métodos directos tendieron a presentar mayor precisión, mientras que los métodos indirectos ofrecieron ventajas en rapidez y facilidad de aplicación, aunque su desempeño varió según el tipo de suelo analizado. Se determinó que los métodos directos presentaron mayor precisión bajo condiciones controladas, mientras que los indirectos resultaron más efectivos en términos de rapidez y facilidad de aplicación. Las conclusiones permitieron identificar las ventajas y limitaciones de cada metodología, aportando a la selección de técnicas más adecuadas para diferentes aplicaciones en el ámbito de la ingeniería. Con este estudio, se contribuyó a la elección de metodologías más confiables para el control de calidad en la construcción de terraplenes o en la compactación de capas estructurales de carreteras, optimizando procesos y garantizando mayor seguridad estructural.Facultad de Ingeniería en Geología, Minas, Petróleos y Ambiental - Universidad Central del Ecuador2025-11-24info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdftext/xmlhttps://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/RevFIG/article/view/797710.29166/revfig.v20i2.7977FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo; Vol. 20 No. 2 (2025): Recursos Estratégicos; e7977FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo; Vol. 20 Núm. 2 (2025): Recursos Estratégicos; e79772602-84841390-704210.29166/revfig.v20i2reponame:Revista FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrolloinstname:Universidad Central del Ecuadorinstacron:UCEspahttps://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/RevFIG/article/view/7977/11228https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/RevFIG/article/view/7977/11845Derechos de autor 2025 Brenda Nicole Caiza Cachumba, José Sebastián Racines Crespo, Paúl Javier León Toreeshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2026-02-24T15:47:28Zoai:revistadigital.uce.edu.ec:article/7977Portal de revistashttps://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/Universidad públicahttps://uce.edu.ec/**Ecuador*602-84841390-7042opendoar:02026-02-24T15:47:28Revista FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo - Universidad Central del Ecuadorfalse |
| spellingShingle | Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on site Caiza Cachumba, Brenda Nicole precisión densidad del suelo densímetro compactación accuracy soil density densimeter compaction |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on site |
| title_full | Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on site |
| title_fullStr | Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on site |
| title_full_unstemmed | Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on site |
| title_short | Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on site |
| title_sort | Study of the accuracy of direct and indirect methods for measuring density on site |
| topic | precisión densidad del suelo densímetro compactación accuracy soil density densimeter compaction |
| url | https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/RevFIG/article/view/7977 |