Valoración agronómica de 45 accesiones de cebada (Hordeum vulgare) en la localidad de Laguacoto III, cantón Guaranda, provincia Bolívar.
Barley is the fourth most important cereal in the world, it takes on great importance due to its wide ecological adaptation, and currently the ten main barley-producing countries are Russia, Ukraine, France, Germany, Spain, Australia, Canada, Turkey, United Kingdom and Argentina. Ecuador stands out...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | spa |
| Publicat: |
2021
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| Accés en línia: | https://dspace.ueb.edu.ec/handle/123456789/3970 |
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Afegir etiqueta | Sumari: | Barley is the fourth most important cereal in the world, it takes on great importance due to its wide ecological adaptation, and currently the ten main barley-producing countries are Russia, Ukraine, France, Germany, Spain, Australia, Canada, Turkey, United Kingdom and Argentina. Ecuador stands out for the consumption of barley derivatives such as máchica (flour), pinol, and barley rice; It is also used as a brewery adjunct and as a green for livestock feed. This research was carried out at the Laguacoto III farm, located at an altitude of 2,622 meters above sea level in the Bolívar province. The proposed objectives were: i) To assess the agronomic morpho response of 45 accessions of barley (Hordeum vulgare) in the town of Laguacoto III, Cantón Guaranda, Bolívar Province. ii) Characterize the main morphological and agronomic descriptors of 45 barley accessions, in the stage of physiological maturity and harvest. iii) Select the best materials for the agro-ecological zone of cantón Guaranda. iv) Establish the cost-benefit ratio of the best treatment. A Random Complete Blocks design was used with 45 treatments with three repetitions, each accession of barley was considered as treatment. Analysis of variance, a 5% Tukey test to check the mean of accessions, correlation analysis, linear regression, protein analysis and analysis of the benefit-cost ratio were performed. The results were: Barley accessions presented variability in morphological descriptors; as well as significant differences in most of the variables evaluated in the agro-ecological zone of Laguacoto III. The best barley yields were obtained in the accessions T19: T67 - 2019 with 3,393.33 Kg / ha; T10: T125 - 2019 with 2880 Kg / ha and T9: T64 - 2019 with 2813.33 Kg / ha. The variables that reduced the barley yield were Acame de Rays; Number of rows per spike; Number of Grains / Spikelet and Shelling of the Spike. The componets that increased the yield in were Weight of 100 grains and Total yield of the plot. According to the values considered for the protein content in barley for the industry; the accessions that fit this range are T27: T41 - 2019 with 11.04%; Q7: Q72 - 2019 with 11.35% and Q18: Q65 - 2019 with 11.67%. The barley accessions presented a Resistant to Moderately Resistant (1R - 3M) reaction for the incidence and severity of foliar diseases. In the barley accession T19: T67 - 2019, a net profit of $ was calculated. 594.23-benefit / cost and income / cost ratio (RB / C and I/C) of 1.53 and 0.53. Finally, this study allowed the selection of 10 barley accessions with morphological characteristics; agronomic, nutritional and good potential for yield and industrial quality, which allows to continue with the research process and in the medium term to have and release commercial varieties of barley with attributes demanded by the production chain and the industry. |
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