Valoración fitosanitaria de monilla (Moniliophthora roreri) en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon bola empleando tres combinaciones de ingredientes activos de fungicidas

The incidence of Moniliophthora roreri leads to the disease known as "moniliasis", which causes considerable losses in production and impoverishment of cocoa farmers in the area. The disease causes significant losses of 80% in yield. The phytosanitary assessment of monilla (Moniliophthora roreri) was carried out in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Clone Bola using three combinations of fungicide active ingredients. The objectives were: I) To determine in which of the treatments the lowest percentages of monilla incidence are obtained. II) To evaluate the severity of monilla in each of the treatments. III) To establish the most efficient treatment for controlling monilla. The treatments under study were: T1 (2.5 Kg/ha fosetyl aluminum + 0.75 L/ha chlorothalonil), T2 (0.75 L/ha chlorothalonil + 2.5 Kg/ha mancozeb), T3 (2.5 Kg/ha mancozeb + 2.5 Kg/ha fosetyl aluminum) and T4 (Control). Descriptive statistics were used. The type of analysis was the 5% Fisher test, 5% Tukey test, maximums, minimums, general mean and correlation and linear regression analysis. The variables evaluated were: number of healthy ears (NMS), number of ears with monilla (NMM), incidence of monilla on the ear (IMM), number of ears harvested (NMC), number of ears per plant (NMP), degree of severity (GS) and percentage of fungicide effectiveness (PEF). The statistical results show that when applying the fungicide combinations in treatments T3 (2.5 kg/ha mancozeb + 2.5 kg/ha fosetyl aluminium), a significant reduction in the incidence of monilia was achieved, with 72.55 % less, and a decrease of one degree in the severity of the disease. In addition, treatment T3 (2.5 kg/ha mancozeb + 2.5 kg/ha fosetyl aluminium) showed the highest percentage of effectiveness of the fungicides, with an average increase of 92.55 %, which resulted in the highest number of healthy ears and therefore the highest number of ears harvested with an increase of 40 % during the research. It was determined that within the components that constituted the percentage of effectiveness of the fungicides, there were highly significant and positive correlations in the variables: number of harvested cobs (NMC), number of healthy cobs (NMS) and number of cobs per plant (NMP).

• প্রধান লেখক: Cuadro Cedeño, Miguel Angel (author)
• বিন্যাস: bachelorThesis
• প্রকাশিত: 2025
• অনলাইন ব্যবহার করুন: https://dspace.ueb.edu.ec/handle/123456789/8116