Determinación de la calidad de semilla artesanal de trigo harinero (triticum aestivum l.), en 17 lotes de productores semilleristas - ueb - fiasa, de la Provincia Bolívar.
The low productivity of wheat cultivation at the local level is conditioned by the lack of quality seed and the technological management within each production unit in the towns of Santa Fe, Laguacoto, La Magdalena, and La Asunción. The importance of this study lies in strengthening the availability...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Udgivet: |
2025
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| Online adgang: | https://dspace.ueb.edu.ec/handle/123456789/8745 |
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Tilføj Tag | Summary: | The low productivity of wheat cultivation at the local level is conditioned by the lack of quality seed and the technological management within each production unit in the towns of Santa Fe, Laguacoto, La Magdalena, and La Asunción. The importance of this study lies in strengthening the availability of quality seed to improve the productivity and sustainability of wheat cultivation in artisanal production systems. The specific objectives were to evaluate the physical and physiological quality of artisanal wheat seed, determine its health, and calculate the economic efficiency based on seed extraction. A completely randomized experimental design (CRD) with three replications was used. The variables evaluated were: grain physical quality, test weight, thousand-grain weight, germination percentage, seedling vigor, grain health percentage, yield, net income, and benefit-cost ratio. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and separation of means using the Tukey test (p < 0.05). The results showed that the physical purity of the grain averaged 93.91%, with a genetic purity of 99.64% and a germination rate of 95.22%. The Froilán Verdezoto production unit (T13) with 83.35mm presented seedlings with greater vigor. The sanitary status showed that T9 had the lowest incidence of disease with 5.33% compared to T17, which had a 37% infection rate. Treatment T16, originating in Laguacoto 3, had the highest yield with 5.30 T ha-1; while for hectoliter weight, the highest value was obtained in T5 with 86.07 kg hL-1. Treatments such as T16 (Laguacoto 3 - UEB) and T10 (Santa Fe - Bolívar Gavilanes) presented benefit-cost ratios between 0.40 and 0.35, respectively, being the highest values. It is concluded that the artisanal seed evaluated shows good physical and physiological quality, although phytosanitary practices need to be improved to optimize its productive and economic performance in the field. |
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