Evaluación de la resistencia genética a manchas foliares en 16 accesiones de maíz (Zea mays L.) suave y duro en la granja Laguacoto III, provincia Bolívar cantón Guaranda
Corn is one of the most important cereals for human consumption worldwide. A great genetic diversity, with more than 59 identified. In the Bolivar province, soft corn is the main crop in the producing areas with a total of 38,000 ha. Most farmers are dedicated to marketing 70% corn and 30% dry corn...
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| Médium: | bachelorThesis |
| Jazyk: | spa |
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2024
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| On-line přístup: | https://dspace.ueb.edu.ec/handle/123456789/7184 |
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Přidat tag | Shrnutí: | Corn is one of the most important cereals for human consumption worldwide. A great genetic diversity, with more than 59 identified. In the Bolivar province, soft corn is the main crop in the producing areas with a total of 38,000 ha. Most farmers are dedicated to marketing 70% corn and 30% dry corn both for sale and for seed. However, leaf spots constitute the group of diseases that most attacks corn crops. The present research project was carried out at the Laguacoto III farm of the Universidad estatal de Bolivar, with the purpose of finding corn accessions resistant or tolerant to leaf spots. The objectives were: i) Evaluate the agronomic and morphological response of 16 corn accessions, ii) determine the incidence and severity of leaf spots in the corn crop, iii) Select the best soft and hard maize accessions for this agro-ecological zone in relation to their response to leaf spots. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used, with 3 replications, followed by at 5 % Tukey test to compare treatment averages. In addition, a correlation and linear regression analysis was performed. This was the fourth year of validation, different results were recorded in most of the agronomic components. The highest average yield was obtained in T12: Morocho Naguan with 4750.3 kg ha-1 followed by treatment T16: Casieches hard corn with 4620.2 kg ha-1 and T2: INIAP-103 4512.8 kg ha-1. It was determined that the treatments that presented moderate ear rot were T9: INIAP-176 with 10.26%, T5: INIAP-124 with 11.09% and T12: Morocho Naguan with 11.21%, followed by T6: INIAP-199, T15: Maíz blanco de leche, T16: Maíz duro Casieches and T13: A28 Rojo. The variables that increased corn yield in dry grain at 13% moisture were the percentage of seedling emergence, days to male flowering, field weight per plot, ear length. While the components that reduced corn yield were: days to female flowering and ear diameter. |
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