Caracterización de macro y micro nutrientes de suelos expuestos a procesos erosivos, en la parroquia Santa Fe, provincia Bolívar

The characterization of macro and micro nutrients of soils exposed to erosive processes was carried out in the parish of Santa Fe in the province of Bolívar, this characterization is based on a descriptive-comparative study of the soil, since an acceleration in the erosive processes has been observed, such acceleration obeys to an inadequate soil management due to the harvest of erosive plants (wheat, barley and oats) and monoculture (corn), as well as, due to an intensive use of unsustainable technologies such as deep plowing and furrows in favor of the slope, this is the reason why, to perform this study, three transects were selected at different altitudes (high, medium and low) along the impact zone. Whereas 18 homogenized soil samples were extracted at different depths (0 to 50 cm) and from (50 to 100 cm), samples that were analyzed in the soil and water laboratory of the Research Center of the Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, and based on field observation and the diagnosis of the agroecological zone, different causal agents were evidenced such as the current harvest, the percentage of vegetation coverage, slope percentage, type of tillage, the degree of water erosion and mainly the altitudinal situation of each transect, since the variation presents results ranging from superficial laminar erosion until the formation of grooves and gullies, through which happens detachment, transport and deposition of small particles of soil, thus determining the presence of dominant morphodynamic processes and establishing inherited links with the components evaluated, specifically of the physical type (texture and structure), where it was determined that the texture is of the sandy-loam type, due to its volcanic origin and greater presence in its macro structure of aggregates of the coarse sand type (1.0 mm) which directly affects the low permeability and bad aeration, however its micro structure (fine sand, silt and clay) favor its porosity; of the chemical type (macro and micro nutrients) so its content varies along the three transects and the altitudinal zone, going from low to high in the following order with average values: Mn <Zn <Cu <Fe <K < Mg <N <Ca <P; and physical-chemical (pH, organic matter), in terms of pH this is slightly acidic, it is in a range between 6.13 and 6.65; which does not represent a limitation when establishing a crop, since most of these are produced within these ranges and finally the content of organic matter is highly significant with values between a range of 1.66 and 3.19% ; because the percentage of vegetal cover is greater in the high zone and where the predominant type of tillage is with animal strength.

• Hovedforfatter: Maureira Poveda, Juan Fernando (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Sprog: spa
• Udgivet: 2019
• Fag: BARRENO; EDTA; DISGREGACIÓN; PROGRESIVO
• Online adgang: http://dspace.ueb.edu.ec/handle/123456789/2986