Comparación productiva de maíz iniap-111, en dos sistemas de labranza y manejo de residuos con enfoque de agricultura de conservación en la granja Laguacoto III, cantón Guaranda, provincia Bolívar
Corn (Zea mays L.) is considered one of the 3 most consumed cereals in the world along with wheat and rice. In the mountains of Ecuador, cultivation is one of the main ones thanks to the planted area and the role it plays in food stability and autonomy. The province of Bolívar is the primary produce...
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| Diğer Yazarlar: | |
| Materyal Türü: | bachelorThesis |
| Dil: | spa |
| Baskı/Yayın Bilgisi: |
2022
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| Online Erişim: | https://dspace.ueb.edu.ec/handle/123456789/4208 |
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Etiketle | Özet: | Corn (Zea mays L.) is considered one of the 3 most consumed cereals in the world along with wheat and rice. In the mountains of Ecuador, cultivation is one of the main ones thanks to the planted area and the role it plays in food stability and autonomy. The province of Bolívar is the primary producer of soft corn. Corn is planted mainly on land with irregular topography, where smallholdings prevail and 86% of the corn production system is generally monoculture. Conservation agriculture is a farming system that promotes the mechanical variation of the soil (such as crops without tillage), given this universal, regional and local scenario, it was shown that yields have the possibility of increasing significantly with the use of a correct technology that integrates conservation agriculture (CA) techniques, where plant diversification, minimum tillage and the conservation of plant residues from previous harvests are practiced in order to contribute to the increase in yield. This research was carried out at the Laguacoto III Experimental Farm, where it presented an altitude of 2622 meters above sea level, the silver objectives were: Identify the tillage system that generates the highest yield in the corn crop, Establish the adequate amount of harvest residues, which is must maintain to increase productivity, Generate a database with components of the corn crop, based on conservation tillage and crop residue management, in its fifth year of management. The 6 treatments that included types of tillage such as reduced and conventional, and the management of plant debris at 0%, 50% and 100% were evaluated. A Randomized Complete Block Design with three repetitions was applied. Tukey's test was performed at 5%. At the end of the fifth year of study of the Conservation Agriculture process, there were significant differences for the yield of corn variety INIAP-111, having as a source of change, agronomic variables such as: days to male flowering, days to dry harvest, ear length and yield in kg/plot, positively influencing productivity, registering the following values: T8 corresponding to reduced tillage and 50% of vegetable residues, with 3782.1 kg/ha, T3 with reduced tillage and 100% of plant residues, with 3779.9 kg/ha; and, in turn, in the other scenario, T4 with reduced tillage and 50% of vegetable residues, with 2,681.6 kg/ha, was the lowest average, with a general average of 3,146.19 kg/ha and a coefficient of variation of 0.41%, while the economic efficiency with greater results, was presented in T8 with reduced tillage and 50% of vegetable remains. |
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