Evaluación de la extración de aceites esenciales de tres especies vegetales, marco (Franseria artemisioides), ruda (ruta graveolens) y pumin (Bistropogum mollis), en el cantón Guaranda mediante la aplicación de dos métodos

This research was developed at the State University of Bolivar, Laboratory of the Research Department had as a general objective: To evaluate the extraction of essential oils of three plant species: frame (Franseria artemisioides), ruda (ruta graveolens) and pumin (Bistropogum mollis), through the application of two methods: soxhlet and supercritical fluids: For this, a completely randomized experimental design (DCA) of the 3 x 2 form was performed with 4 repetitions with a total of 6 treatments and 24 experimental units; were described by analysis of variance tables (ADEVA) to compare the effect of the factors; multiple range tests to determine which means were significantly different from the others and interaction graphs of factors to establish existing relationship between study factors and experimental responses. The best extraction process was the soxhlet because of its versatility and optimum performance, improving the extraction compared to the extraction by supercritical fluids since it has a high operating cost. Essential oil of frame, rue and pumin was obtained by means of the method of extraction soxhlet and extraction by supercritical fluids, analysis of variance was performed (ANOVA) finding that at the level of significance (0.05) there are significant statistical differences in the refractive index (0.000), specific gravity (0.0218), density (0.000) and yield (0.000). extraction by the soxhlet method was the most appropriate technique for obtaining essential oils since its yield was 42% compared to the method of extraction by supercritical fluids that reached 2.95%. The crude plant material presents the best performance of essential oil with 25.46% compared to the pumin 23.55% and 18.42% of the frame. In addition, extraction by the soxhlet method has the lowest refractive index (1.50), the lowest density (0.84750 g / cm3) and the lowest specific gravity (0.748142), factors that determine the quality of an essential oil. The Soxhlet extraction method obtained a cost benefit of USD 1.74 compared to the supercritical fluid’s method, which has a value of USD 0.79, since the equipment, materials and reagents make their operation more expensive

• Autor principal: Guamán Manzano, Kerly Mirella (author)
• Altres autors: Tiamba Calero, Olga Carola (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Idioma: spa
• Publicat: 2019
• Matèries: EXTRACIÓN; ACEITES ESENCIALES; ESPECIES VEGETALES; FLUIDO SUPERCRÍTICO
• Accés en línia: http://dspace.ueb.edu.ec/handle/123456789/3076