Prediseño de un sistema de tratamiento para las aguas residuales en la comunidad de Columbe, Cantón Colta.

The thesis project aimed to propose a wastewater treatment system in the parish of Columbe, specifically designed for the student population of the “Hualcopo Duchicela” educational unit. This system, with a 20-year projection, was developed with the support of the World Vision foundation and the collaboration of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Columbe parish, benefiting both the community and the environment. Previous studies conducted by the National University of Chimborazo in the area revealed a significant deterioration in water quality due to inadequate wastewater discharge management, posing a risk to public health and the environment. These findings highlighted the urgent need to implement an effective treatment system in the region. The methodology employed consisted of applied research with a field study design, which included the collection of primary and secondary data. Field visits, interviews with key stakeholders, and physicochemical and microbiological characterization of wastewater were conducted. The results showed that parameters such as BOD5 (142 mgO₂/L), COD (235 mgO₂/L), oils and fats (66,67 mg/L), fecal coliforms (2,35×10⁴ CFU/mL), and total coliforms (10,42×10⁴ CFU/mL) exceeded the maximum limits allowed by national regulations. Based on these results, a treatment system was proposed, consisting of a homogenization tank, a septic tank, and an infiltration field. The septic tank was selected as the main system due to its ease of implementation, minimal maintenance cost, and suitability for the needs of the rural population of Columbe. As an alternative, the design of an Imhoff tank was proposed, which could be used if a system capable of managing a larger volume of wastewater was required. This proposal aims to provide a sustainable and adaptable solution to the specific conditions of the parish.

• Prif Awdur: Lata Azacata, Dennys Fabricio (author)
• Fformat: masterThesis
• Iaith: spa
• Cyhoeddwyd: 2025
• Pynciau: aguas residuales; tanque séptico; tanque Imhoff; Columbe; calidad del agua; DBO5; DQO; Coliformes
• Mynediad Ar-lein: http://dspace.unach.edu.ec/handle/51000/14893