Evaluación de los factores de riesgo asociados a vía aérea difícil en pacientes obesos.

A difficult airway in obese patients represents a significant clinical challenge in anesthetic practice. Obese patients differ not only in the external airway, but also in the anatomy and physiology of the oropharynx and larynx. This is why unanticipated difficult airway is three times more frequent than in other patients, thus complicating anesthetic procedures. This issue is crucial due to the increasing prevalence of obesity in our population. The aim of this research was to discern the risk factors associated with a difficult airway in obese patients, analyzing both assessment tools and appropriate clinical management. A literature review was conducted using articles published between 2015 and 2024. The results indicate that the primary risk factors include cervical circumference greater than 40 cm, decreased thyromental distance, and restricted atlantooccipital mobility. In addition, conventional scales, such as Mallampati's, when combined with state-of-the-art technologies such as ultrasonography, optimize the ability to predict the difficult airway in these specific protocols and the use of sophisticated devices such as the videolaryngoscope. The conclusions emphasize the relevance of a meticulous preoperative evaluation, as this is crucial to anticipate complications and improve the preparation of the medical team. Continuous training of healthcare personnel and the use of appropriate equipment to mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with complicated airway in patients with obesity.

• Hlavní autor: Montero Sinchiguano, Elsy Noemi (author)
• Další autoři: Rey Moncayo, Naomi Alejandra (author)
• Médium: bachelorThesis
• Jazyk: spa
• Vydáno: 2024
• Témata: Anestesia; Obesidad; Predictores; Vía aérea difícil
• On-line přístup: http://dspace.unach.edu.ec/handle/51000/14102