Ejercicio físico en pacientes con fracturas osteoporóticas.

This study examines the impact of physical exercise on patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures, a frequent and highly disabling consequence of osteoporosis. A systematic literature review was conducted, selecting 20 scientific studies based on rigorous inclusion criteria and assessed using the PEDro scale and PRISMA guidelines to ensure methodological quality. Findings indicate that multicomponent exercise programs—combining strength training, balance activities, aerobic endurance, and mobility exercises—produce significant improvements in key functional outcomes, including muscle strength, postural stability, mobility, and overall quality of life, particularly among postmenopausal women. The evidence underscores the relevance of interventions lasting at least 12 weeks, delivered under professional supervision and complemented by individualized behavioral strategies to enhance adherence and clinical effectiveness. Although results regarding bone mineral density were inconsistent, some studies reported positive effects when exercise was integrated with complementary therapies. Additionally, emerging technologies such as tele-exercise were shown to improve accessibility to rehabilitation services for populations facing geographic or mobility barriers. Overall, the review concludes that physical exercise is a safe, effective, and accessible therapeutic strategy that should be incorporated into the multidisciplinary management of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. The findings provide robust support for implementing structured exercise programs in clinical practice to improve functional capacity, prevent new fractures, and promote patient autonomy.

• Autor principal: Culqui Bonilla, Doménica Samantha (author)
• Formato: bachelorThesis
• Idioma: spa
• Publicado em: 2026
• Assuntos: Ejercicio físico; Fracturas vertebrales; Osteoporosis; Fisioterapia; Rehabilitación; Calidad de Vida
• Acesso em linha: http://dspace.unach.edu.ec/handle/51000/16381