Fármacos antihipertensivos causantes de xerostomía.

This research studied the effect of antihypertensive drugs on xerostomia, an oral pathology characterized by the sensation of dry mouth due to a decrease in salivary flow. Xerostomia is a common side effect of certain antihypertensive drugs, which can lead to discomfort and an increased risk of dental caries and oral infections. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of different classes of antihypertensives, such as diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, and alpha-blockers, were analyzed for their impact on the salivary glands and saliva production. Some drugs, such as enalapril, showed no significant xerogenic effects, while others, such as metoprolol and drug combinations, were associated with increased dry mouth. In addition, degrees of xerostomia were classified, ranging from mild, with occasional dryness, to severe, with constant dryness and difficulties in eating and speaking. Scales such as the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Clinical Oral Dryness Index (CODS) are used to measure the severity of xerostomia. Finally, dental management of xerostomia in patients taking antihypertensives was addressed, which includes recommendations such as drinking water regularly, chewing sugar-free gum, maintaining good oral hygiene, using saliva substitutes, and regular dental checkups. It is also suggested to avoid tobacco, alcohol, and caffeine and to consider medication adjustments if dry mouth persists.

• Autor principal: Acuña Rodríguez, Samantha Gabriela (author)
• Formato: bachelorThesis
• Lenguaje: spa
• Publicado: 2025
• Materias: Xerostomía; Antihipertensivos; Glándulas salivales; Sequedad bucal
• Acceso en línea: http://dspace.unach.edu.ec/handle/51000/14756