Perfil hematológico, hierro, ferritina y factores socioeconómicos asociados a anemia en adolescentes embarazadas cantón Guano-Chimborazo.

Anemia in pregnant adolescents is a public health problem with complications for both mother and fetus, which can trigger serious consequences during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between anemia and socioeconomic factors by performing hematological, iron, and ferritin analyses and applying a socioeconomic survey to identify the determinants of anemia in pregnant adolescents. The study adopted a quantitative approach, a non-experimental field design, and a cross-sectional approach, considering a population of 66 pregnant adolescents from the Guano canton, of which a sample of 20 patients was selected for convenience. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, iron, and ferritin levels were evaluated, supplemented with a socioeconomic survey. The results revealed normocytic and normochromic hematological parameters, with an average hemoglobin of 13.3 g/dL and hematocrit of 39.4%. Biochemical analyses showed a significant difference in ferritin concentrations between patients with anemia (9.78 ± 3.86 ng/mL) and those without anemia (39.33 ± 25.54 ng/mL; p=0.008), while iron, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels showed no statistically significant differences. Regarding socioeconomic factors, 30% of patients with anemia came from rural areas, and 25% belonged to the lower-middle economic strata. Ferritin measurement enabled early detection of iron deficiency anemia, even when other parameters remained normal, which are only altered in more advanced stages of iron deficiency. No significant relationship was found between socioeconomic factors and anemia.

• Hovedforfatter: Raza Aulla, Doménica Salome (author)
• Andre forfattere: Vargas Mites, Helens Mailyn (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Sprog: spa
• Udgivet: 2025
• Fag: Adolescentes; Anemia; Ferritina; Factores socioeconómicos
• Online adgang: http://dspace.unach.edu.ec/handle/51000/16017