Uropatógenos multirresistentes y con resistencia extendida a los antimicrobianos aislados en pacientes femeninas
Urinary tract disease is among the main pathologies associated with healthcare. It is estimated that 96% of urinary tract infections occur in women aged 7 - 65 years, with a significant increase between 23 and 39 years. According to the World Health Organization, bacterial resistance caused 700,000...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Jezik: | spa |
| Izdano: |
2025
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| Online pristup: | http://dspace.unach.edu.ec/handle/51000/16172 |
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Dodaj oznaku | Sažetak: | Urinary tract disease is among the main pathologies associated with healthcare. It is estimated that 96% of urinary tract infections occur in women aged 7 - 65 years, with a significant increase between 23 and 39 years. According to the World Health Organization, bacterial resistance caused 700,000 deaths in 2015, a figure that is increasing as resistance mechanisms develop. The aim of this study was to investigate, through a literature review, the factors contributing to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in uropathogens to optimize the management of infections in women. The research used a qualitative, descriptive, and non-experimental approach; it was retrospective in its temporal sequence and based on the analysis of 43 scientific articles extracted from different databases, to which inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, yielding a sample of 29 articles. The bibliographic review revealed that the most frequent microorganisms were enterobacteria, especially Escherichia coli (≤100%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.13%), and others. Among clinical and epidemiological factors, the following stand out: comorbidities, multiparity, socioeconomic level, dysuria, and pollakiuria. Finally, it was evidenced that the antimicrobial resistance of these uropathogens has increased significantly against beta-lactam antibiotics, leading to the appearance of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Leaving few treatment options attributed mainly to the indiscriminate use of drugs, which phenomenon limits the therapeutic options available, underscoring the need for more effective strategies for control and treatment. |
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