Caracterización clínica y diagnóstica de la tuberculosis pulmonar en pacientes menores de 15 años

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease distributed worldwide, which causes the death of pediatric and adolescent patients and is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most frequent form in patients under 15 years of age, it presents with non-specific symptoms, which makes early diagnosis very difficult. This study determined the clinical and diagnostic characterization of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients under 15 years of age. The PICO search strategy was used, the medical subject headings (Mesh) used were:Pulmonary Tuberculosis(Pulmonary Tuberculosis), clinical (clinical), diagnosis (diagnosis),children(children),adolescents(teenagers). Search strategy: ((((pulmonarytuberculosis) AND (clinical)) AND (diagnoses)) AND (children)) AND (teenagers). A total of 49 eligible articles were obtained using the PRISMA method. The results obtained described that the incidence and prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis are high. These increase due to contact with an infecting bacilliferous adult. The most common clinical features are cough, fever, weight loss, decreased appetite, dyspnea, diarrhea and other nonspecific symptoms. Diagnosis was based primarily on a combination of clinical, radiological and bacteriological criteria. In spite of having very efficient diagnostic tests for pulmonary tuberculosis, this disease continues to be a challenge worldwide, so it is necessary to create strategies that favor the timely detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in addition to providing timely follow-up and respective treatment to patients, their families and communities.

• Hovedforfatter: Pérez León, Alexandra Del Carmen (author)
• Format: masterThesis
• Sprog: spa
• Udgivet: 2025
• Fag: TUBERCULOSIS; DIAGNÓSTICO; PREVALENCIA; INCIDENCIA; BACILÍFERO
• Online adgang: https://dspace.uniandes.edu.ec/handle/123456789/19549