Cuidados de enfermería en el postoperatorio de mastectomía radical: una revisión sistemática y propuesta de algoritmo

Advanced breast cancer requires radical mastectomy, an aggressive surgery associated with postoperative complications that demand standardized nursing care, which is essential due to its direct impact on patient well-being. In Ecuador, the lack of protocols prompted this systematic review to propose an evidence-based algorithm. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA model, analyzing articles in Spanish, English, and Portuguese published from 2020 to 2025 in databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar. From an initial 341 records, 15 studies were selected, identifying key interventions: early physical rehabilitation, multimodal pain management, psychological support (music therapy), and self-care education. This study proposes a six-stage algorithm ranging from initial assessment, pain management, complication prevention, psychological intervention, education, and final evaluation. The findings support a holistic approach that integrates physical, emotional, and educational care. Although implementation requires resources and trained personnel, the algorithm is adaptable to different contexts. It is concluded that standardizing these protocols would enhance patient safety, minimize complications, and optimize resource utilization. Future research is recommended to validate its effectiveness in Ecuadorian settings, emphasizing the need for policies that prioritize multidisciplinary care in breast cancer.

• Հիմնական հեղինակ: Semblantes Carpio, Nathaly Silvana (author)
• Ձևաչափ: masterThesis
• Լեզու: spa
• Հրապարակվել է: 2026
• Խորագրեր: MASTECTOMÍA RADICAL; CUIDADOS DE ENFERMERÍA; ALGORITMO POST OPERATORIO; CÁNCER DE MAMA; REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA
• Առցանց հասանելիություն: https://dspace.uniandes.edu.ec/handle/123456789/19836