Evaluación de 100 accesiones de Phaseolus vulgaris L. del banco de germoplasma del centro de Biotecnología de la Universidad Nacional de Loja

This research appears in terms of analyzing the agromorphological characterization of 100 accessions of the species Phaseolus Vulgaris L. The sample was taken from different mesothermic valleys from the Loja province (600-2900 meters above sea level). The investigation was carried out along the years 2013 and 2014 at “La Argelia” Experimental Station and at “Zapotepamba” Binational Technical Training Center, both belonging to the Universidad Nacional de Loja (UNL). The main purpose is to assess their adaptation and performance in both altitudinal tiers and to start an ex-situ conservation program at the germoplasm bank of the UNL. Agronomical assessment of 36 accessions corresponding to the altitudinal tier between 600 and 1400 meters above sea level was carried out at the Binational Technical Training Center which is located in the Paltas Canton, Casanga Parish, Zapotepamba neighborhood, at a height of 900 meters above sea level. On the other hand, the 64 accessions of 1401–2900 meters above sea level were planted in the grounds of “La Argelia” experimental station, located in the city and province of Loja, San Sebastian Parish, at a height of 2135 meters above sea level. The assessment procedures were established under the statistical model of randomized block design with three replicas in terms of analyzing qualitative and quantitative variables. The agromorphological characterization was performed on the basis established by the Germoplasm Bank of the Biotechnology Center of the UNL, including variables such as growth habit, characteristics of stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit, seed and performance. The results show that the accessions assessed in “La Argelia” correspond to four growth habits: determinate bush Type I (20 accessions), indeterminate bush Type II, indeterminate prostrate Type III, and indeterminate climber Type IV. Flowering began at 39.67 days with the accession T54 (calimo), being this the earlier, and the latest flowering with the accession T22 (viudo blanco) with an average of 60.67 days. The yields fluctuated from 821.50 kg to 1071 kg/ha, corresponding to T18 (cholo), T37 (cholo), T20 (bola), T43 (Chindo café). The accessions assessed in “Zapotepamba” presented a determinate bushy growth habit (Type I); the flowering stage began at 33 days with the accession T16 (chindo colorado) being this the earlier; and the latest flowering with the accession T1 (percal). Those who had higher yields correspond to T35 (fréjol), T20 (carioco), T18 (viuda), T17 (panamo), with an average of 233.33 kg to 260.69 kg/ha. In conclusion, the agromorphological characterization states that all accessions show features of the species Phaseolus vulgaris L., showing a high genetic variability, which confirms that the province of Loja is a major center of biodiversity.

• Autor principal: Guzmán Freire, Luis Vicente (author)
• Otros Autores: Ordóñez González, Robert Ulises (author)
• Formato: bachelorThesis
• Lenguaje: spa
• Publicado: 2014
• Materias: FRÉJOL; PHASEOLUS VULGARIS; BANCO DE GERMOPLASMA; CONSERVACIÓN DE SEMILLAS; GERMOPLASMA
• Acceso en línea: http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/12261