Impacto de la fecundidad sobre la participación laboral femenina de Ecuador, en el periodo 1990-2020

In Ecuador, low female labor participation has been one of the main socioeconomic problems that have hindered the country's path towards gender equality. According to estimates by the International Labor Organization (ILO, 2020) in 2020, it stood at 57.35%, while that of men was 83.69%. In this context, the objective of this research focuses on evaluating the impact of the fertility rate on female labor participation in Ecuador, during the 1990-2020 period. This study was conducted through a statistical and econometric analysis to propose strategies aimed at increasing female employment. Data was compiled from the World Bank (2020) and Penn World Table (2020). The FMOLS, DOLS, CCR, and ECV models, as well as the Toda and Yamamoto causality tests were used as an econometric process. The results show that, in the long term, fertility and education have a negative impact on female labor participation, while technology and government effectiveness have a positive effect. On the other hand, in the short term, fertility, education, technology, and government effectiveness have a negative impact on female labor participation. Similarly, it was found that there is a unidirectional causal relationship that goes from fertility to female labor participation. According to the results obtained, the government should create good quality childcare services and subsidize the salary for three months' maternity leave.

• Glavni avtor: Castro Beltrán, Fernanda Isabel (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Jezik: spa
• Izdano: 2023
• Teme: <ECONOMIA>; <PARTICIPACION LABORAL FEMENINA>; <ECUADOR>; <FECUNDIDAD>
• Online dostop: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/26183