Reconstrucción histórica de la deforestación en paisajes protegidos amazónicos: área "El Edén" provincia de Orellana

The present research study analyzed the changes of vegetation cover and the dynamics of fragmentation of the native forest in Amazonian protected areas of the El Eden sector that includes the parishes: Pañacocha, El Eden and San Roque, Orellana and Sucumbíos province, during the period 1987 - 2018 Maps of land cover and land use were generated through the supervised classification of Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI satellite images. The Land Change Modeler (LCM) module of the TerrSet software was used to determine the losses, gains and net change of coverage, the deforestation rate of the protected area (AP) and unprotected area (ANP). From the characterization of the coverage present in each patch of the mosaic, changes generated by the fragmentation process were analyzed; These permutations caused specific spatial distributions, variation in size and composition of the fragments studied. This analysis allowed us to identify what factors such as land use change and deforestation patterns trigger fragmentation processes in the area. The results indicate that the native forest had losses of 15 855 ha in the last 31 years, this decrease due to the dispersion of agricultural and anthropic areas. Differences are shown in the change in coverage of the AP and its ANP; so that the annual deforestation rate in the protected area was -0.001% (5.9 ha / year), while in the unprotected area it was -0.2% (465.3 ha / year). With respect to spatial metrics, the number of patches and the edge density of the ANP, there was an increase of 512 patches and 3.51 m / ha, respectively; while, for the AP, there was a decrease of 99 patches and 0.39 m / ha. Therefore, changes in the spatial patterns of plant cover in terms of land use reveal significant landscape changes and advanced fragmentation of native forests, which is more severe in unprotected areas of this sector of the Amazon Ecuadorian Keywords: land use changes, fragmentation, vegetation cover, native forests.

• Главный автор: Jiménez Zhanay, Gabriela Stefanía (author)
• Формат: bachelorThesis
• Язык: spa
• Опубликовано: 2019
• Предметы: DEFORESTACIÓN; FRAGMENTACIÓN DE LA TIERRA; BOSQUES
• Online-ссылка: http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/22583