Cambios morfológicos y anatómicos de la madera en plantas de Cinchona officinalis L. y Acacia macracantha Willd por sequia inducida en el cantón Loja, Ecuador

Climate variability is becoming a more evident reality every day, which means a constant threat to tree species, since the inability to adapt to climatic change limits morphological and physiological development. Therefore, this work seeks to: contribute to the knowledge on the impact of water stress on the morphology and anatomical structure of wood in Cinchona officinalis L. and Acacia macracantha Willd. under greenhouse conditions during 17 months of monitoring in Loja, Ecuador. This will evaluate the variations in cellulose and lignin content in the xylem of Cinchona officinalis L. and Acacia macracantha Willd. due to water stress during 17 months of monitoring; and also, evaluate the morphological changes in Cinchona officinalis L. and Acacia macracantha Willd. due to water stress during 17 months of monitoring. This study began in April 2019. Twenty plants of Cinchona officinalis and Acacia macracantha were used, these plants were exposed to four treatments with different levels of water stress under controlled conditions. All treatments were monitored every 15 days, where morphological (height and diameter) and ecological (phytosanitary status, number of leaves and mortality) variables were measured. To determine anatomical variation, anatomical cross sections of the stem were made, and ICY Imagine Analysis software was used to analyze photographs. In the analysis of morphological data, Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon (α = 0.05) statistical tests were used to identify if significant differences exist. Results showed that: water stress influences anatomical and morphological changes. Cinchona officinalis was more sensitive to water stress, contrary to Acacia macracantha. Cinchona officinalis showed an increase in lignin production (52%) and a slight decrease in cellulose (48%), likewise, Acacia macracantha presented 44% cellulose and 56% lignin. In the morphological analysis, Cinchona officinalis presented a great difference in height growth between T0 and the treatments subjected to water stress (T1, T2, T3, T4), likewise for Acacia macracantha. Acacia macracantha showed high mortality in treatments T2 and T4. On the other hand, Cinchona officinalis showed high mortality rates in all treatments subjected to water stress. In conclusion, this study showed that Cinchona officinalis is more sensitive to water stress. However, Acacia macracantha does not withstand water stress combined with increased temperature, which directly affects its phytosanitary status, causing increased mortality. Additionally, at the morphological level, water stress affects height and diameter growth in all treatments. KEY WORDS: xylem, cascarilla, faique, morphological variables, cellulose, lignin.

• מחבר ראשי: González Rodas, Blanca Abigail (author)
• פורמט: bachelorThesis
• שפה: spa
• יצא לאור: 2022
• נושאים: CASCARILLA; FAIQUE; VARIABLES MORFOLÓGICAS
• גישה מקוונת: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/25108