Comportamiento epidemiológico, factores relacionados y estrategias de control en la emergencia y reemergencia de enfermedades infecciosas infantiles en Latinoamérica: Una revisión sistemática

Emerging and re-emerging diseases are those that, for various reasons, once again pose a threat to public health. In Latin America, these outbreaks have had a significant impact on the child population. The objective of this research is to analyze the epidemiological behavior of these diseases in the region, to identify the socioeconomic, political and environmental factors that influence their appearance and reappearance, and to evaluate the strategies implemented for their control. The research is based on a systematic review of scientific articles published between 2019 and 2024, selected using PRISMA methodology and strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty-one that met the established parameters were included, covering diseases such as dengue, tuberculosis, leptospirosis and COVID-19. The results highlight the prevalence of reemerging and emerging diseases influenced by factors such as poverty, inequality, climate change, urbanization and deforestation, which facilitate the spread of vectors and pathogens. In Brazil, for example, deforestation and adverse socioeconomic conditions are associated with outbreaks of diseases such as chikungunya and leishmaniasis. Control strategies identified include the use of advanced technologies such as drones to monitor mosquito breeding sites and artificial intelligence-based predictive models, as well as biological interventions such as the release of Wolbachia-modified mosquitoes. The conclusions emphasize the need to strengthen epidemiological surveillance, invest in resilient health systems and address the structural inequalities that perpetuate these diseases in the region. They also point out the importance of developing comprehensive policies that consider the interaction between social, environmental and political factors, fostering regional collaboration to improve the prevention and management of these diseases

• Autore principale: Iñiguez Jiménez, Juan Carlos (author)
• Natura: masterThesis
• Lingua: spa
• Pubblicazione: 2025
• Soggetti: EPIDEMIOLOGÍA; ENFERMEDADES EMERGENTES; ENFERMEDADES REMERGENTES; SALUD PÚBLICA
• Accesso online: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/31915