Procesos morfogénicos in vitro de papaya criolla (Carica papaya L.), inducidos a partir de semillas.

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is an important fruit of the Caricaceae family, with high nutritional and economic value, which is cultivated in various tropical and subtropical regions of the world. It is originally from Central America and is characterized for being a crop that in a short time and continuously throughout the year is productive from the economic point of view, being much appreciated mainly for its consumption in fresh. This species, due to its floral morphology, has female trees, males and hermaphrodites, each one originating different types of fruits in terms of form and quality; In the same way, being affected by different pests, diseases that reduce the longevity of the plantations and their low germination, hinders their production and commercialization. One of the best options to generate healthy plants, with homogeneous and pathogen-free development is the use of biotechnological tools such as micropropagation, which are an ideal alternative to propagate plants. Through in vitro culture techniques, quality seedlings can be obtained, increasing the number of individuals per unit area of ​​any species under conservation, in this context the micropropagation of the species Carica papaya L., was carried out with the purpose of generating information on morphogenic processes that allow the in vitro propagation of Carica papaya L. This research work was developed within the framework of the project "Development and Strengthening of the Plant Micropropagation Laboratory", in two phases: field phase that corresponded to the collection of plant material in the parish of El Tambo canton Catamayo, province of Loja; and the second phase was carried out in the Plant Micropropagation Laboratory of the National University of Loja. For the micropropagation of Carica papaya L., the MS basal culture medium (Murashige and Skoog 1962) was used, adding different growth regulators, both in the germination and sprouting phase. For the germination stage of in vitro seeds of Carica papaya L., three tests were carried out: without mesotesta scarification, mesotesta scarification and dried sarcotesta extraction to the environment, adding gibberellic acid (AG3) in concentrations of 0.0; 1.0 and 1.5 mg / l, the evaluated variables were percentage of germination, number of days to germination, percentage of contamination and percentage of mortality. The assay with scarification of mesotesta and with a hormonal concentration of 1.5 mg / l of gibberellic acid (AG3) was the most effective for germination of seeds, in which 71.11% was obtained, initiating germination at 20 days. For the in vitro sprouting phase of Carica papaya L., auxins and cytokines were combined in different concentrations: naphthaleneacetic acid (ANA) (0.2 mg / l), benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.2 and 2.0 mg / l) and kinetin (KIN) (0.2 and 2.0 mg / l). In this phase variables such as number of shoots per explant, shoot length, number of nodes and leaves per shoot were evaluated. The hormonal combination 0.2 mg / l ANA + 0.2 mg / l BAP was the most effective for the formation of shoots, number of nodes and leaves, obtaining results of 6.00 shoots per explant, with 5.14 knots and 5.17 leaves per sprout respectively. Regarding the length of the outbreaks, the best result was obtained in the hormonal combination 0.2 mg / l ANA + 0.2 mg / l KIN, with a length of 26.01 mm per outbreak. Keywords: Papaya, in vitro micropropagation, germination, brotamiento.

• Yazar: Sánchez Ullaguari, Guissella Katherine (author)
• Materyal Türü: bachelorThesis
• Dil: spa
• Baskı/Yayın Bilgisi: 2018
• Konular: PAPAYA; CULTIVO IN VITRO; GERMINACIÓN
• Online Erişim: http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/20753