Déficit de vitamina D e insulinorresistencia en el síndrome de ovario poliquístico. Revisión sistemática

The Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a metabolic endocrine disorder that affects female mainly during their reproductive age. It is characterized by menstrual disturbances, hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovary. Insulin resistance (IR), which is a risk factor for metabolic/hormonal complicationsthat aggravate the pathogenesis of the syndrome, is present in 60-85% of women, regardless of their body mass index. Vitamin D deficiency has also been associated with the exacerbation of PCOS symptoms, contributing to metabolic alterations and subsequent ovulatory dysfunctions. The objectives of this paper is to establish whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome, to identify the frequency of insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and finally, to evidence the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. For this purpose, a systematic review was performed in the Scielo, Pubmed and LILACS databases, following the guidelines of the Cochrane system. The PRISMA method was applied for the screening, selecting publications from 2014 onwards and excluding gray literature. Thirteen articles have been included in the systematic review that were previously evaluated with the JBI tool, showing a low risk of bias. Nine studies have been found that indicate a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and PCOS, being a risk factor that exacerbates the syndrome's own symptomatology. Also, four studies showed a high frequency of IR in PCOS patients ranging from 42.6% to 100%. Finally, six studies revealed a bidirectional relationship between vitamin D deficiency and IR in PCOS, where vitamin D deficiency exacerbates IR through multiple mechanisms, affecting insulin sensitivity, pancreatic beta-cell function, increased inflammation and oxidative stress, in turn IR affects suboptimal vitamin D levels and increases androgen production, creating a vicious cycle that contributes to the pathogenesis of PCOS. In conclusion, the importance of a holistic approach in the management of PCOS, addressing not only the individual symptoms but also the underlying metabolic interrelationships, is highlighted

• Autor principal: Armijos Armijos, Gianela Marisol (author)
• Formato: bachelorThesis
• Lenguaje: spa
• Publicado: 2024
• Materias: LABORATORIO CLÍNICO; HIPOVITAMINOSIS D; INSULINORRESISTENCIA; SÍNDROME DE OVARIO POLIQUÍSTICO
• Acceso en línea: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/30538