Evaluación de tres niveles de sombra sobre parámetros morfo – fisiológicos en la etapa de crecimiento vegetativo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP - 801 en El Padmi, Zamora Chinchipe

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is one of the most important perennial crops, its demand is gradual growing, in Ecuador, low yield is the main problem affecting the cocoa sector. Shade management in the early stages of cocoa has been a topic of discussion, even more so, in the southeastern part of the country, there is much ignorance about how shade could affect growth and subsequent production. That is why the incidence of shade on morpho-physiological parameters during the vegetative growth of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) clone EETP – 801 was evaluated. The trial was carried out at the “El Padmi” experimental station, location in the province of Zamora Chinchipe. It was established in a Completely Random Design, with 6 repetitions, the treatments were without shade and shade levels of 35 % and 80 %. The variables evaluated were plant height, crown diameter, trunk cross-sectional area, shoot length, leaf area index, stomatal density, stomatal size, stomatal index, anatomical structure of the leaves, content of chlorophyll. In addition, the pH and electrical conductivity of the soil were measured. The effect of the treatments on the dependent variables was evaluated using ANOVA and means test (Tukey) (p=0,05). The results show that in morphological variables no significant differences were found, unlike some physiological variables, where the shade did have an incidence, favoring the increase in stomata size, while, in treatments without shade, greater density and stomatal index were obtained. Regarding soil pH, there were no significant variations, but not in electrical conductivity, the shade treatment obtained a lower value. In general, the results of this work do not shade a significant effect on the characteristics of vegetative growth, which means that clone EETP – 801 may not need shade in the vegetative stage of the crop in the zone. Keywords: Shade, vegetative growth, cocoa.

• Hovedforfatter: Lapo Paredes, Byron José (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Sprog: spa
• Udgivet: 2022
• Fag: CACAO; THEOBROMA CACAO
• Online adgang: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/25593