Estimación del efecto de tres niveles de fertilización sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo reproductivo en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon CCN51 y EETP800 en el sector El Padmi
Ecuador is the first producer of fine aroma cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in the world, also known as National cocoa with characteristics that make it unique and special that stands out internationally for its well-known flavor, however, its production has been affected by the application of incorrect...
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| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | spa |
| Publicado em: |
2023
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: | https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/26917 |
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Adicionar Tag | Resumo: | Ecuador is the first producer of fine aroma cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in the world, also known as National cocoa with characteristics that make it unique and special that stands out internationally for its well-known flavor, however, its production has been affected by the application of incorrect fertilization activities causing interference in the growth, development, performance and normal production of the plant. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of three levels of fertilization on the growth and reproductive development of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) clone CCN51 and EETP800 in the Padmi sector. The study was carried out at the "El Padmi" experimental station of the National University of Loja, located in the "Los Encuentros" parish belonging to the Yanzatza canton of the Zamora Chinchipe province, where an established crop of cacao genotype CCN-51 was used, and EETP-800 in a productive stage of two years, with a planting distance of 3.5 m between plants and 4 m between rows. A completely random ized design (DCA) was applied with a bifactorial arrangement, with six treatments, corresponding to three levels of fertilization: 0% plants growing without any type of fertilization, 100% with applied fertilization and 200% fertilization in two genotypes of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) CCN-51 and EETP-800, with 4 replicates per treatment. The morphological variables: Area of the cross section of the trunk (ASTT), Crown diameter, Leaf Area (AF) and leaf area index (IAF), the reproductive variables evaluated were the following: Number of flowers, Number of set flowers, Number of fruits, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil were evaluated every 20 days while the stomatal density (DE) and stomatal index (IE) and chlorophyll concentration were measured at the end of the trial. The results suggest that the EETP-800 genotype presents better results with the application of the different fertilization doses, unlike the CCN-51 genotype, where it was possible to show that the different fertilization doses in this genotype do not influence the development of certain variables. morphological factors such as crown diameter, this can be attributed to the strong acidity of the crop soil, causing a decrease in the assimilation of phosphorus and other essential nutrients for the growth and development of the plant and its roots, thus achieving a decrease in the efficiency of the applied fertilizers and their uptake Key words: Theobroma cacao L, growth, development, fertilization. |
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