EL CAPITAL HUMANO Y LA TASA DE FERTILIDAD EN 10 PAÍSES DE AMÉRICA DEL SUR, PERÍODO, 1980 – 2015, Y SU INCIDENCIA EN EL PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO

The slow economic growth due to the demographic exploitation due to the neglect of indicators such as the fertility rate, the low investment in the gross formation of human capital, and the inefficiency in its quality, have caused inequality between countries to be increasingly wide. The general objective was: To determine the relationship between human capital and fertility rates in 10 countries of South America, period, 1980 - 2015, through a descriptive study, in order to establish its impact on economic growth, measured by the Gross domestic product. To verify the existing relationship, econometric methodology was used, as well as cointegration techniques to identify the short- and long-term equilibrium between its variables, using data from the World Development Indicators (2017) and Barrio Lee Dataset (2017). The main result of the research was: The negative relationship that exists between economic growth and fertility, and that it is more feasible to invest in human capital than to implement rigid policies on birth control. In addition, through cointegration techniques with panel data, there is the existence of joint movement between the short- and long-term variables. Based on these results, the following public policies can be implemented to achieve sustainable economic development; guarantee free education at all levels, equalize salaries between men and women and reduce fertility levels, through the implementation of reproductive health programs.

• Hlavní autor: Ponce Namicela, Carlos Alfredo (author)
• Médium: bachelorThesis
• Jazyk: spa
• Vydáno: 2019
• Témata: ECONOMÍA; CAPITAL HUMANO; CRECIMIENTO; TASA DE FECUNDIDAD
• On-line přístup: http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/21738