Incendios, deforestación y cambio climático: impactos en la distribución de especies forestales del bosque húmedo ecuatoriano
Tropical Humid Forests (FH) are ecosystems of great structural and environmental complexity, where they house great diversity of species and habitats, playing an important role in climate regulation and efficient for water conservation. However, forest fires, deforestation and climate change have ge...
Wedi'i Gadw mewn:
| Prif Awdur: | |
|---|---|
| Fformat: | masterThesis |
| Iaith: | spa |
| Cyhoeddwyd: |
2023
|
| Pynciau: | |
| Mynediad Ar-lein: | https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/28473 |
| Tagiau: |
Ychwanegu Tag
Dim Tagiau, Byddwch y cyntaf i dagio'r cofnod hwn!
|
Ychwanegu Tag | Crynodeb: | Tropical Humid Forests (FH) are ecosystems of great structural and environmental complexity, where they house great diversity of species and habitats, playing an important role in climate regulation and efficient for water conservation. However, forest fires, deforestation and climate change have generated the fragmentation of these ecosystems, which has led to the loss or reduction of habitats and ecosystem services that benefit different communities. In Ecuador, they cover a large part of its territory, specifically in the Chocó and Amazon regions. The objective was to evaluate the impacts of fires, deforestation and climate change on the distribution of forest species in the BHT, for which five species were selected: Calycophyllum spruceanum, Capirona decorticans, Ceiba pentandra, Dussia tessmannii and Erisma uncinatum. With the help of bioclimatic variables from WorldClim and programs such as Maxent, Rstudio and ArcGIS, the best models were generated and selected to obtain the final model, which allowed an intersection with SUIA rasters to be carried out, to evaluate the impact of the deforestation. Likewise, another intersection was made between the final model and the Active Fires, to estimate forest fires. For the analysis of climate change, the HadGEM3 – CG3.1 – LL Global Circulation Model was used, with the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios for the years 2041 and 2060, with which it was calibrated and generated the final model. In this way, current and future potential distribution models were projected, where it is observed that their suitability areas are located in the northeast of the Amazon region, whose impact of deforestation and fires is reflected in the loss of large hectares of forest. native to C. pentandra, E. uncinatum and D. tessmannii. Furthermore, the effects of climate change will be evident with the increase and reduction of their suitable areas, some species will adapt and disperse to new sites, and others will limit their survival, causing changes in their distribution patterns. In conclusion, deforestation, fires and climate change will bring alterations in the dynamics of the Amazon forests, causing modifications in their structure and composition, such as reduction of carbon capture and storage, alteration of the hydrological cycle, loss of habitats, among others. others. This research will be an essential tool to generate policies and strategies for sustainable forest use, restoration and conservation of the biodiversity of these forests. |
|---|