Evaluación del comportamiento inicial de cuatro especies forestales nativas de bosque seco en la estación experimental Zapotepamba, provincia de Loja, Ecuador.
The present research project was developed at the Zapotepamba Binational Technical Training Center (CBFT-Z), belonging to National University of Loja, Paltas canton, province of Loja, in a seed orchard of 1748 m2 of four forest species of dry forest for research purposes, the same that was installed...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Jezik: | spa |
| Izdano: |
2018
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| Online pristup: | http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/19771 |
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Dodaj oznaku | Sažetak: | The present research project was developed at the Zapotepamba Binational Technical Training Center (CBFT-Z), belonging to National University of Loja, Paltas canton, province of Loja, in a seed orchard of 1748 m2 of four forest species of dry forest for research purposes, the same that was installed on May 15, 2014 by the technical team Laboratory of Plant Microrpopagation, through the project “Generation of protocols for in vivo and in vitro propagation of elite genotypes of native and promising forest species for reforestation in the southern region of Ecuador ". The purpose of the study was to evaluate the initial behavior of four native forest species (algarrobo, Prosopis L., guayacán, Handroanthus billbergii, hualtaco, Loxopterygium huasango, and palo santo Bursera graveolens); and; likewise, evaluate the effect of two types of basic fertilizers (1. humus and 2. humus + complete fertilizer) in the initial behavior of the four forest species, following a completely randomized block design with three replicates. The applied methodology was based on two criteria, quantitative and qualitative: quantitative where growth in basal diameter and total height were considered; and, qualitative where the health status of the plants was determined, state of the apex and development of the stem (twisted) were determined. The results obtained, at 26 months of age regarding the initial behavior of the four forest species, were statistically significant differences were found. This was visualized in the growth, where hualtaco reached 10,77 cm of basal diameter and 505,56 cm of total height, reaching the highest growth; palo santo and algarrobo achieved similar growth; however, guayacán with 1,79 cm basal diameter and a total height 81,33 cm reached the lowest growth. Likewise, the four forest species presented a high percentage of trees with excellent health status, reaching 65% of healthy trees in algarrobo; 80% of healthy trees in guayacán; 89% of healthy trees in hualtaco; and, 92% of healthy trees in palo santo. The same behavior was found regarding the state of the apex and of the stem for the four forest species of dry forest; however, there were some trees with cut apex, due to the action of anthropic factors. Regarding the effect of fertilization, at 26 months of age, there were no significant differences between treatments due to the application of basic fertilization (Humus and humus + complete fertilizer); however, in carob the best T2 treatment with the addition of humus, reached a basal diameter of 5,15 cm and a height of 339,67 cm at 26 months of age; likewise, in guayacán the best T1 treatment (control, without fertilization), reached a basal diameter of 2,3 cm and a height of 101,44 cm. On the other hand, in hualtaco the best treatment was T2, reaching a basal diameter of 11,48 cm and a height of 535,33 cm. Nevertheless, in palo santo the best treatment T3 (Humus + complete fertilizer) reached a basal diameter of 5,94 cm and a height of 327 cm. According to the results obtained in the present investigation, afforestation and reforestation in similar dry forest ecosystems in the province of Loja, it is recommended to use the species of hualtaco, palo santo and algarrobo, for presenting the best results. Keywords: dry forest, growth, seed orchard, fertilization. |
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