Impacto del estrés hídrico en la anatomía de la madera y la morfología de caesalpinia spinosa (mol.) kuntze y podocarpus sprucei parl. bajo condiciones de invernadero

The current study seeks to know the incidence of hydric stress in cellulose and lignin formation, as well as to observe morphological changes in forest seedlings. Caesalpinia spinosa and Podocarpus sprucei were selected, which were subjected to hydric stress, staying in a greenhouse during six months. We used 100 plants of each species, divided equally into: control (T0), moderate drought (T1), severe drought (T2), moderate drought + fertilizer (T3), and severe drought + fertilizer (T4). After six months, microscopic anatomical sections of the stem were obtained. With the software ICY it was possible to calculate the areas of the sections of interest, and through SOIL ANALYSIS PRO, the percentages of cellulose and lignin were calculated based on color filters. In addition, a statistical analysis of the changes in the morphological variables was carried out, by means of Principal Component Analysis, validated with Pearson's correlations through the statistical programming software R. The results showed that water stress does generate changes in the anatomy of wood of these species, both in the production of cellulose and lignin, as well as in the morphological development. P. sprucei presented less cellulose decrease and less tendency to the attack of plagues; unlike C. spinosa that was affected by a type of fungus (Oidium sp), however, it effectively tolerated the hydric stress, because its growth was optimal in spite of the generated stress. In C. spinosa the seedlings with drought grew from 57% to 97% in diameter, while in P. sprucei this parameter was more sensitive to drought, showing a growth in diameter from 31% to 55%. In the case of fertilization, this had a positive influence on the number of leaves of C. spinosa and P. sprucei, and therefore on carbon sequestration. In conclusion, this study allowed knowing that hydric stress generates changes in the anatomy of wood and morphology of certain forest species, since it alters the normal development of plants. That is why it is necessary to carry out similar researches, with different climatic conditions; thus it will be possible to contrast the information generated with the reality in which these species develop. Key words: water stress, drought, cellulose, lignin, xylem, morphological changes, Caesalpinia, Podocarpus, fertilization.

• Үндсэн зохиолч: Castro Veintimilla, Josué (author)
• Формат: bachelorThesis
• Хэл сонгох: spa
• Хэвлэсэн: 2021
• Нөхцлүүд: MADERA; ESTRÉS HÍDRICO; ANATOMÍA
• Онлайн хандалт: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/23754