Análisis entre la oferta y la demanda de agua, con fines de riego, en el canal alto de San Pedro de Vilcabamba, utilizando sistemas de información geográfica (sig)
In Ecuador, the greatest use that is given to the water resource is for irrigation, constituting an essential factor in the productivity of the agricultural sector, stability of food security and development of the country. The planning of water resources is presented as the main strategy in favor o...
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| Hovedforfatter: | |
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Sprog: | spa |
| Udgivet: |
2022
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| Fag: | |
| Online adgang: | https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/24664 |
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Tilføj Tag | Summary: | In Ecuador, the greatest use that is given to the water resource is for irrigation, constituting an essential factor in the productivity of the agricultural sector, stability of food security and development of the country. The planning of water resources is presented as the main strategy in favor of ensuring this resource for present and future generations. However, the success of this planning will not simply correspond to what is carried out from the technical sphere, but will also depend on the dialogues and the exchange of knowledge between the communities and those who carry out the planning. The present investigation was developed with the purpose of knowing what the flow is at different probabilities of occurrence, generated by the Uchima river; In addition, estimate what are the water demands that are generated for the current crop pattern; and, finally, determine how many hectares of crops can be incorporated, making efficient use of the water resource. In the development of the research, a physical and morphometric analysis of the Uchima River micro-basin was carried out, from the catchment work, in order to know its shape, the relief and the characteristics of its water network. Then a hydrological study was carried out to know the behavior of the basin and the availability of its flows for different probabilities of occurrence, using empirical methods and executing some direct measurements of the flow, which allowed determining which is the empirical method that most represents the behavior of the river. A digital geographic database was structured, which contains the cadastre of the irrigation system and its crop pattern, which allowed for a very close estimate of current water needs. For this, semi-empirical methods were used, which are rational, ecological polynomial and runoff coefficient criterion; The empirical method that best adapted to the geomorphological conditions of the Uchima micro-basin and to the gauging carried out by means of the hydraulic pinwheel at 5 the catchment site, was the ecological polynomial method, which presented punctual behavior in the dry season. Finally, the supply and demand for water were compared and it was determined that the irrigation area can be expanded, with the flow available at 75% probability and with the water demands of the crops, 600 more hectares can be irrigated than they are currently irrigated, with an efficient and sustainable use of water, which will lead to increased agricultural production. It is worth mentioning that all the information gathering and the results obtained were socialized with the users of the irrigation system, thus fulfilling the substantive function of linking the National University of Loja with society. Keywords: Planning, hydrological study, irrigation, food security, surplus, application efficiency. |
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