Programa Nutricional para mejorar la productividad y calidad del grano de café de exportación en la parroquia Fundochamba cantón Quilanga de la provincia de Loja

The objective of this research was to develop a nutritional program for coffee in the Fundochamba area of the Quilanga canton, province of Loja, to improve quality and productivity. The methodology focused on the application of a random survey to farmers in the area, in order to know the current conditions of plantation management, with which it was determined that small farms with low productivity predominate in the study area, They cultivate a diversity of varieties, the majority of farmers do not have access to irrigation, pruning is not a common practice and the main phytosanitary problems that affect coffee cultivation are Borca and Rust. Subsequently, based on the results of the physicochemical analysis of soils and the nutritional requirement according to their age, phenological state and planting density of the varieties produced on the El Alisal farm, a technically balanced nutrition program was developed and formulated with the 4R methodology to achieve performance benefits, which allows for economic efficiency and environmental sustainability. The nutritional program includes the application of 1 ton/ha/year of dolomite lime and the use of alkaline reaction mineral fertilizers, to improve the pH of the soil, which on average is 4.3, as well as applications of 245kg/year of M.O. to improve the CEC (11.78 meq/100cc) and therefore the availability and absorption of nutrients. It is proposed to work with an N:K ratio of 1:1. Thus, the nutritional proposal for the coffee varieties: Typica Improved - 2 years old, which is in pre-flowering, is 359 g/plant/year; for Geisha-1 year, in the pre-flowering stage, it is 479 g/plant/year; in the case of Geisha in the transplant stage it is 360g/plant/year; for Catucai - 5 years, in pre-flowering and grain filling, the suggestion is 453 g/plant/year and for the Sidra variety - 1 year, in pre-flowering and filling state, 456 g/plant/year is recommended. The investment of the nutritional program is $7,025.00 to achieve a productivity of 1 ton/ha and a total profit of $. 42,200.00 with a benefit/cost ratio of $.6.01, which constitutes a profitable and sustainable project. Finally, it was proposed to socialize the nutritional program to coffee farmers in the area, in conjunction with the company Yara Ecuador, formulator of mineral nutrition.

• Автор: Loaiza Villavicencio, Ángel Manuel (author)
• Формат: masterThesis
• Мова: spa
• Опубліковано: 2024
• Предмети: NUTRICION; CAFE; ANALISIS SUELOS
• Онлайн доступ: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/29093