Influencia del método de siembra y arreglo espacial sobre los componentes de rendimiento de la quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) en el sector La Argelia, Loja

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an Andean grain crop that in recent years has gained great importance, expanding worldwide, thanks to its excellent nutritional characteristics and adaptability. Ecuador is the third country to produce quinoa, mainly in the mountains with yields ranging from 1.5 to 3 t ha1. Yield is determined by various factors, including genotype, environmental conditions and management. The arrangement or distribution of plants in the field is an alternative that can significantly diversify production, through the implementation of adequate planting distances in order to maximize cooperation and reduce competition between plants, thus achieving optimal performance. This makes the spatial arrangement and population density an important factor to achieve said yield. With this background, the main objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the sowing method and spatial arrangement on the components of growth and yield in the crop. Chimborazo variety quinoa in the Argelia sector, Loja. The trial was carried out under a Completely Randomized Block Design (DBCA) in a bifactorial arrangement that consisted of two sowing methods (direct sowing and transplanting) and four spatial arrangements (single row at 25 cm, single row at 50 cm, double row 25-50 cm, triple row 25-25-50 cm), with 8 treatments and three repetitions. Throughout the crop cycle, data was taken from the variables: phenology, biomass, plant height, plant cover, leaf area and chlorophyll content, while the variables number of grains/m2, thousand grain weight, yield and Harvest index, were recorded when the crop reached the point of physiological maturity and with it the harvest was carried out. When analyzing the morphological variables, it was observed that the treatment corresponding to direct sowing and spatial arrangement at 50 cm obtained the highest average in plant height, biomass, leaf area and chlorophyll content. At the end of the experiment, the yield obtained exceeded the national average, with yields of 4 t ha-1 by direct seeding and 3,82 t ha-1 in a 50 cm spatial arrangement, followed by a 25 cm spatial arrangement with a yield of 3,46 t ha-1; thus indicating that the management practices applied throughout the crop cycle directly influence its production. Keywords: Amaranthaceae, transplant, spatial arrangement

• Hovedforfatter: Cordero Gaona, Elisa Mishel (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Sprog: spa
• Udgivet: 2023
• Fag: QUINUA; CHENOPODIUM QUINOA; PRODUCCION DE QUINUA
• Online adgang: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/26881