Modelo de agroecosistema sostenible a nivel de upas, fundamentado en el diseño ecológico
This work was conducted in the Province of Loja, Canton Paltas, Orianga Parish, on farms, “El Mango”, “Juanita y Mateo” and "Yanangómes-Gallegos", in order to establish proposals based on Model Sustainable Agro-ecosystem grounded in ecological design. Diagnosis, proposal and economic/susta...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Sprog: | spa |
| Udgivet: |
2015
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| Fag: | |
| Online adgang: | http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/10318 |
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Tilføj Tag | Summary: | This work was conducted in the Province of Loja, Canton Paltas, Orianga Parish, on farms, “El Mango”, “Juanita y Mateo” and "Yanangómes-Gallegos", in order to establish proposals based on Model Sustainable Agro-ecosystem grounded in ecological design. Diagnosis, proposal and economic/sustainable aspect: In the planning of productive projects they were highlighted three phases. During the diagnosis, direct observation in the field was conducted to determine topographical data (erosion, slope), according to farm production systems were characterized using indicators (sub-soil cultivation, irrigation, agroforestry and livestock) soil and water sampling was carried out for the respective physical-chemical and bacteriological analyzes in order to obtain technical parameters (texture, organic matter, pH, water quality, etc.) and surveys were also applied to the owners of farms in which information about the current management of their productions was gathered, where further it showed the main problems hampering the progress of productive/economic. Using the collected information, three proposals were exposed, which are based on the zoning of farms and their integration with other alternative solutions. Zones allow locate the items according to their importance and number of visits, based on COAS, distributed as follows: Zone 1.- Vegetables, Zone 2.- Animal Production, Zone 3.- Production of traditional crops and Zone 4.- Paddock, generally. In each zone different activities or improvements are contemplated, using the available land, resources, labor, capital investment and especially the interrelationship between them, taking as a fundamental human heart. Models of sustainable agro-ecosystems on farms mentioned above, contemplate future enterprises. Are so, generally in the “El Mango” implementation of irrigation systems, organic fertilizers, agroforestry garden, traditional crops, lots Silvopastoral proposed, plus a shed for birds, guinea pigs and a pigsty; at the “Juanita y Mateo” the construction of a reservoir, erosion control strips, also the ecological pest management, development of balanced rations for poultry and pigs, etc.; arises and finally at the “Yanangómes-Gallegos” the adequacy of a tomato field associated paddock, implementing a tilapia pool and production of native hen, among others are projected. To be carried out include training workshops to complement prior knowledge to the technical part. Finally, a ten-year financial evaluation and analysis of economic sustainability for each spot was developed, considering the benefit/cost as the main indicator of viability of the projects, thus promoting the social and monetary growth of families: Gallegos-Agila, Jimbo-Poma and Yanangómes-Gallegos. For the first a benefit/cost ratio of 1.20 for the second, and the third 1.76, 1.47 was obtained, showing profitability for each farm. |
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