Productos forestales no maderables de origen vegetal de cinco comunidades del cantón Yacuambi, Zamora Chinchipe

It is important to know the uses that a plant has of an area because it allows to value what exists and to keep by the native communities. This ethnobotanical study was develop in five communities of Yacuambi of the Zamora Chinchipe province with the purpose to get information about knowledge and uses of the primary forestall products non-timber by origin vegetable and loss of the same knowledge. The places of this study were: La Paz, Cambana, Chontapamba, La Esperanza y Tutupali; considering the specific objectives such as: a: To identify the main forest products non-timber by vegetable origin, traditional and current uses of the forest in five communities of Yacuambi; b. To know the tendency of the general loss of the knowledge about the uses of the forestall products non-timber by vegetable origin of the forest from five communities of Yacuambi, c. To propose techniques of possible solutions to the good management of the forestall products non-timber by vegetable origin conditional of Yacuambi forests. This study was settled down of two phases: The phase of field was carried out in five communities of Yacuambi where surveys and a floristic inventory were applied; and the phase of office which was analyzed and industrialized the obtained data of the field. To get the information of the current use of PFNM were used surveys to people of each community of both sexes between 12 and 80 years old, field trips were carried out with the purpose to verify information and to collect botanic sample for its taxonomic identification in the herbarium at Universidad National de Loja. The floristic composition was determined in the surrounding forests to each community for what there was build three temporal transects of 500 m2 (10x50m), for trees and bushes; was calculated the absolute density (D), relative density (DR), absolute frequency (F), relative frequency (FR) and the importance value of index by specie (IVIE). The tendency of inter-generational loss of knowledge and uses was determined applying structured surveys to key informers that through journey in the forests, and natural vegetation were recognizing the species that provide PFNM. The matrix was applied to 32 informers between men and women by ethnic groups in each community. There were registered 107 vegetable species that are used as PFNM around 93 genres of 58 botanic families, which 36 were registered in the Tutupali and Chontapamba community, 31 in La Esperanza, Cambana 44 and 35 in La Paz. The PFNM were raised using 14 proposes categories by the FAO. The categories PFNM that group to the vegetable resources in communities of Yacuambi are: foods and drinks (61 species); crafts (28 species); human medicine (68 species); veterinary medicine ( 19 species); poisonous: fish/wash/insecticide (7 species); latex, resins (3 species); coloring and dyes (7specie); fodder (11 species); mystic/rituals (7 specie); ornamental (9 species); honey of insects (1 species); fiber ropes, fences and buildings (22 species); material of construction/tools to work (73 species). About the inventory realized in the forests of the five communities there was registered a total of 104 species in the 15 transects distributed in the following way: 73 trees and 31 bushes; in 71 genres of 43 botanic families. With regard to knowledge the use of PFNM of the five communities was determined that men and women know equal the use of the plants, although the man is who interact more with the forest and for that know more by the reason his work demand a major relation in the field. About the ethnic groups, adults know more about the use of species because by their constant relation with the forest, they have their preferences related to the use of the categories of construction material/farm tools, food, drinks and human medicine. Young people show little knowledge due the fact the majority do not develop a lot with frequency activities inside the forests. They know the use of the plants but they rarely use them and their level of knowledge is low in comparison to the other ethnic groups. After with the contribution of leaders from local communities, surveys with staff of Municipal of Yacuambi, and considering the results of the study was elaborated a propose about strategic guidelines for an action plan for the development, conservation and renovation of forests in Yacuambi. Finally, there was a socialization of the results to the representatives of each community studied in Yacuambi and students of the School of Forestry, with the purpose of sharing the results of this research was conducted.

• Hlavní autor: Minga Guamán, Segundo Rumiñahi (author)
• Médium: bachelorThesis
• Jazyk: spa
• Vydáno: 2016
• Témata: BOSQUES HÚMEDOS TROPICALES; PRODUCTOS NO MADERABLES; ESPECIES FORESTALES; USOS TRADICIONALES
• On-line přístup: http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/12736