Valoración económica de los productos forestales no maderables de origen vegetal de los bosques secos de Macará y alternativas de su manejo

In recent years, non-timber forest products have gained in importance globally and in Ecuador, in this country play an important role in the development of rural communities as they are products used for food and in some cases are used to sale generating income for villagers who have understood that forests not only be considered as producers of wood, but there are different wood products representing livelihoods for these communities located in and around forests and somehow interact. Therefore to document the economic importance of PFNM in the dry forest of the canton Macara this research was developed, whose purpose was to generate data on the traditional use of Non Timber Forest Products of plant origin to assess economically these resources and the importance means finding the approach to the economic value they provide in rural areas Macara canton; besides contributing to the formulation of alternatives for marketing and management. To evaluate the traditional supply and economically assess the utilization of plant species that provide structured surveys PFNM villagers ten communities was applied: El Vergel, Angosturas, Algodonal, Laguar, Machanguilla, La Guatara, La Cruz, Canguraca, Tangula Alto and Black Tambo Macara canton province of Loja, considering both sexes aged 12-80 years. A questionnaire with questions as applied: species name, whether or not sold, the selling (selling unit), point of sale, sales price and how often crop a year. Species name, spent collecting or harvesting of PFNM materials used and if you make some kind of time management: As to meet the resulting economic utility of PFNM harvesting a second questionnaire where information was collected was applied. Analysis of the data using Microsoft Excel 2013 PivotTables program and obtaining the information required for the research was conducted. The problem of resource management by applying a FODA was also analyzed and based on these results management alternatives PFNM were raised. 36 species that the inhabitants of the ten communities of Canton Macara used for sale of this product were identified using income generated by $ 2192,55 per year, derived from their use, so the following species provide the following percentages category: Spondias purpurea with 17.81 %, Mangifera indica with 13,17 % to 8,16 % Bursera graveolens and Aloe vera 10,02 % and 4,64% to Prosopis juliflora. The species that are used for own consumption are: Prosopis juliflora with 51,39 %, Bursera graveolens with 30,98 %, with 27,45% trichistandra Ceiba, the 26,35 % is Spondias purpurea and 25, 97 % of Plantago major. The most commonly used forms of sales for PFNM are in boxes Spondias purpurea and Mangifera indica, Prosopis juliflora and Ceiba to trichistandra marketing is in quintals while the place of sale of PFNM are destined for the market Macara. With regard to the sale price of PFNM of plant origin, species that have the highest income are: Mangifera indica with $ 391,7 annually, Ceiba trichistandra with $ 342 villagers cite this revenue obtained from selling wool in its fruits, the fruits of Spondias purpurea are sold in fruiting season sale generated $ 27,9 pods and leaves of Prosopis juliflora $ 216. These revenues generated from the sale of PFNM vary primarily according to the species, although they are minimum annual income for rural people, are important because they are a help to the economy of the people living in these communities. Villagers gather PFNM between 0-4 times per year, the species with the highest number of crops for this range are: Prosopis juliflora 289 people, Spondias purpurea 227; Trichistandra Ceiba, Mangifera indica 185 and 175 people. The time spent in the PFNM harvesting in rural areas varies between species, so: people spend between 0-2 hours and use different materials for the collection of products such as machetes, bags and boxes. The villagers do not perform any management to improve the quality of PFNM advantage, but note that irrigate some species, 13,91 % of Plantago major, Solanum americanum, with 10,20 % and Aloe vera 18, 18 %, a small percentage of people said they paid to the following species 2,04 % to 0,93 % Mangifera indica, Aloe vera and Spondias purpurea 0,74 %. The income generated in each community from the sale of PFNM are: Algodonal $ 275,10; Angostura $ 118, Canguraca $ 81,3; La Cruz $ 96,15; The Guatara $ 228,3; Laguar $ 86,7; Machanguilla $ 126,2; Tambo Black $ 51,0; Tangula Alto $ 32,65; El Vergel; $ 322,95. The total income that the inhabitants of the ten communities gain from the sale of PFNM is $ 2192,55 per year this value was obtained by multiplying the value generated by the sale of PFNM and the number of times these products were harvested. Finally, socialization and validation of results to representatives of each community studied the dry forest of the canton Macara and a brochure for the purpose of sharing knowledge the use of PFNM in rural areas of the county gave Macara was performed.

• Autore principale: Paccha Guamán, Willan Leonardo (author)
• Altri autori: Valencia Quinche, Dany Marcelo (author)
• Natura: bachelorThesis
• Lingua: spa
• Pubblicazione: 2015
• Soggetti: PRODUCTOS FORESTALES NO MADERABLES; VALORACIÓN ECONÓMICA DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD; BOSQUES SECOS; MANEJO DE PRODUCTOS FORESTALES NO MADERABLES
• Accesso online: http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/10818