El impacto del COVID-19 en el mercado laboral ecuatoriano

The effects of the COVID-19 crisis on the global labor market are severe, reflected in large-scale unemployment. Measures taken to prevent the spread of the pandemic have led to a major contraction in output, reducing aggregate demand. Ecuador's recession in 2020 was 7.8%, far worse than the 1999 financial crisis. This had devastating consequences on the labor market, with the pandemic leaving 83% of workers in Ecuador unemployed or in precarious conditions, hitting mostly vulnerable workers, deepening the structural heterogeneity of the labor market, inequality and poverty. The theory behind this study is based on the fact that, given its transmissibility and severity, the pandemic will have a negative impact on employment due to the supply and demand shocks caused by the quarantine measures that forced many companies to close their activities. In this context, this research aims to identify the main effects of COVID-19 on the labor market in the manufacturing, commerce and services sectors in Ecuador, using monthly time series for the period 2016-2021, using the Ordinary Common Minimum (OLS) method. The main results showed that COVID-19 had a negative effect on the labor market, specifically on wages, working hours and jobs in the sectors analyzed. Short-term policy implications should focus on the insertion of workers into the labor market and job destruction, through policies that alleviate the financial burdens on firms and policies that provide security for workers. Long-term policies that strengthen labor productivity are recommended, which will allow for greater market resilience to economic shocks.

• Главный автор: Macas Macas, Sandra Tatiana (author)
• Формат: bachelorThesis
• Язык: spa
• Опубликовано: 2023
• Предметы: <COVID-19>; <MERCADO LABORAL>; <PANDEMIA>; <REMUNERACION>
• Online-ссылка: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/26163