Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi"
Despite being one of the world's largest cocoa producers, Ecuador suffers from low yields in comparison to other Latin American countries. In order to improve the crop's development and production, nutritional strategies are needed, including the use of biostimulants. This research aimed t...
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| Format: | bachelorThesis |
| Language: | spa |
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2022
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| Online Access: | https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/25684 |
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| author | Auquilla Yangua, Claudia Liliana |
| author_facet | Auquilla Yangua, Claudia Liliana |
| author_role | author |
| collection | Repositorio Universidad Nacional de Loja |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv | Capa Morocho, Mirian Irene |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv | Auquilla Yangua, Claudia Liliana |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv | 2022-11-14T17:27:37Z 2022-11-14T17:27:37Z 2022-11-14 |
| dc.format.none.fl_str_mv | 52 P. application/pdf |
| dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv | https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/25684 |
| dc.language.none.fl_str_mv | spa |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Loja |
| dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ec/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv | reponame:Repositorio Universidad Nacional de Loja instname:Universidad Nacional de Loja instacron:UNL |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv | CACAO THEOBROMA CACAO NUTRICION |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv | Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi" |
| dc.type.none.fl_str_mv | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis |
| description | Despite being one of the world's largest cocoa producers, Ecuador suffers from low yields in comparison to other Latin American countries. In order to improve the crop's development and production, nutritional strategies are needed, including the use of biostimulants. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of nutrition strategies on the production and yield of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) clone EETP800, EETP801 and CCN51. To accomplish this purpose, a study was carried out at the experimental station "El Padmi" of the National University of Loja, using plants of approximately 2 years of age, with a planting density of 3.5 m x 4 m, under a completely randomized block design, with nine treatments and four replications. Humic substances and algae extract were used as biostimulants at a dose of 21 ml/plant and 1.4 ml/plant, respectively, applied to the three clones, and a control without the application of biostimulant was also used. The variables evaluated were: number of ears per tree, ear length and width, diameter and cross-sectional area of the trunk, bromatological characteristics of the kernel, production, yield, leaf area index (LAI), stomatal conductance, chlorophyll, pH and electrical conductivity of the soil. The results showed that no significant differences were found between the tratments in length, cob width and weight, number and weight of kernels, yield, crown diameter, LAI and stomatal density; yet, there was an effect of genotype and biostimulant interaction on the yield, where the EETP801 genotype with the application of humic acid obtained 886.43 kg/ha. Regarding the fat content, CCN51 obtained 37.65%, unlike the rest. The application of humic acids generated a higher yield, but a moderately acid effect on soil pH was observed, a factor to consider and analyze in the case of continuous applications. Key words: Theobroma cacao L, nutrition, yield, biostimulants, humic acid, algae extract. |
| eu_rights_str_mv | openAccess |
| format | bachelorThesis |
| id | UNL_b0845bc505b5cb14d386e4d8b685fd2f |
| instacron_str | UNL |
| institution | UNL |
| instname_str | Universidad Nacional de Loja |
| language | spa |
| network_acronym_str | UNL |
| network_name_str | Repositorio Universidad Nacional de Loja |
| oai_identifier_str | oai:dspace.unl.edu.ec:123456789/25684 |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher.none.fl_str_mv | Loja |
| reponame_str | Repositorio Universidad Nacional de Loja |
| repository.mail.fl_str_mv | * |
| repository.name.fl_str_mv | Repositorio Universidad Nacional de Loja - Universidad Nacional de Loja |
| repository_id_str | 0 |
| rights_invalid_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ec/ |
| spelling | Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi"Auquilla Yangua, Claudia LilianaCACAOTHEOBROMA CACAONUTRICIONDespite being one of the world's largest cocoa producers, Ecuador suffers from low yields in comparison to other Latin American countries. In order to improve the crop's development and production, nutritional strategies are needed, including the use of biostimulants. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of nutrition strategies on the production and yield of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) clone EETP800, EETP801 and CCN51. To accomplish this purpose, a study was carried out at the experimental station "El Padmi" of the National University of Loja, using plants of approximately 2 years of age, with a planting density of 3.5 m x 4 m, under a completely randomized block design, with nine treatments and four replications. Humic substances and algae extract were used as biostimulants at a dose of 21 ml/plant and 1.4 ml/plant, respectively, applied to the three clones, and a control without the application of biostimulant was also used. The variables evaluated were: number of ears per tree, ear length and width, diameter and cross-sectional area of the trunk, bromatological characteristics of the kernel, production, yield, leaf area index (LAI), stomatal conductance, chlorophyll, pH and electrical conductivity of the soil. The results showed that no significant differences were found between the tratments in length, cob width and weight, number and weight of kernels, yield, crown diameter, LAI and stomatal density; yet, there was an effect of genotype and biostimulant interaction on the yield, where the EETP801 genotype with the application of humic acid obtained 886.43 kg/ha. Regarding the fat content, CCN51 obtained 37.65%, unlike the rest. The application of humic acids generated a higher yield, but a moderately acid effect on soil pH was observed, a factor to consider and analyze in the case of continuous applications. Key words: Theobroma cacao L, nutrition, yield, biostimulants, humic acid, algae extract.Ecuador es uno de los mayores productores de cacao, sin embargo, se ha visto afectado por el bajo rendimiento en comparación con otros países de Latinoamérica, siendo un reto y una necesidad mejorar su desarrollo y producción mediante estrategias de nutrición con la aplicación de bioestimulantes al cultivo durante su desarrollo. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el efecto de estrategias de nutrición sobre la producción y rendimiento de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) con los clones EETP800, EETP801 y CCN51. Para tal efecto, el estudio se llevó a cabo en la Estación Experimental “El Padmi” de la Universidad Nacional de Loja, utilizando plantas de aproximadamente 2 años de edad, con una densidad de plantación de 3,5 m x 4 m, bajo un diseño en bloques completamente al azar, con nueve tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Se utilizó como bioestimulante ácidos húmicos y extracto de algas en una dosis de 21 ml/planta y 1,4 ml/planta, respectivamente, aplicados a los 3 clones, además se usó un testigo sin la aplicación de bioestimulante. Las variables a evaluar fueron; número de mazorca por árbol, longitud y ancho de mazorca, diámetro y área de la sección transversal del tronco, características bromatológicas de la almendra, producción, rendimiento, índice de área foliar, conductancia estomática, clorofila, pH y conductividad eléctrica del suelo. El efecto de los tratamientos sobre las variables dependientes se evaluó mediante ANOVA y test de Tukey (p=0,05). Los resultados mostraron que no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos en variables de longitud, ancho y peso de mazorca, número y peso de almendras, producción, diámetro de copa, IAF, clorofila y en la densidad estomática. Sin embargo, se produjo un efecto de la interacción del genotipo y bioestimulante en el rendimiento, donde el genotipo EETP801 con aplicación de ácido húmico obtuvo 886,43 kg/ha. En lo que especta al contenido de grasa el CCN51 obtuvo 37,65 % a diferencia del resto. La aplicación de ácidos húmicos generó una mayor producción, pero se observó un efecto moderadamente ácido sobre el pH del suelo, factor a considerar y analizar en el caso de aplicaciones continuas. Palabras clave: Theobroma cacao L, nutrición, rendimiento, bioestimulantes, ácido húmico, extracto de algas.LojaCapa Morocho, Mirian Irene2022-11-14T17:27:37Z2022-11-14T17:27:37Z2022-11-14info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis52 P.application/pdfhttps://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/25684spahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ec/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositorio Universidad Nacional de Lojainstname:Universidad Nacional de Lojainstacron:UNL2025-05-02T17:33:02Zoai:dspace.unl.edu.ec:123456789/25684Institucionalhttps://dspace.unl.edu.ec/Universidad públicahttps://unl.edu.ec/https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/oaiEcuador***opendoar:02025-05-02T17:33:02falseInstitucionalhttps://dspace.unl.edu.ec/Universidad públicahttps://unl.edu.ec/https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/oai*Ecuador***opendoar:02025-05-02T17:33:02Repositorio Universidad Nacional de Loja - Universidad Nacional de Lojafalse |
| spellingShingle | Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi" Auquilla Yangua, Claudia Liliana CACAO THEOBROMA CACAO NUTRICION |
| status_str | publishedVersion |
| title | Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi" |
| title_full | Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi" |
| title_fullStr | Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi" |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi" |
| title_short | Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi" |
| title_sort | Estrategia de eficiencia de la nutrición en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) clon EETP-800, 801 y CCN51 en la provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, sector “El Padmi" |
| topic | CACAO THEOBROMA CACAO NUTRICION |
| url | https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/25684 |