Efectos de la deforestación e incendios forestales en la distribución potencial de especies de aprovechamiento forestal condicionado del Bosque Húmedo Tropical Ecuatoriano

Deforestation and wildfires have become the main drivers of change in ecosystems, especially in tropical rainforests. The forest species of these forests are of great importance to local communities, given their economic value in the timber market, which has led to selective use, causing a strong threat of local extinction. In this context, this study seeks to contribute to the knowledge of the potential distribution areas of the species of conditional use of the Ecuadorian tropical rainforest, which have been affected by deforestation processes and wildfires. Given its importance, the ecological niche (E) of four species (Cedrelinga cateniformis, Clarisia racemosa, Maclura tinctoria and Terminalia amazonia) was determined using presence points and bioclimatic variables. Then the best models of the accessible area (M) were selected, evaluated and projected, towards the geographic space (G), through of the software R and MaxEnt. Subsequently, the distribution areas of the species affected by deforestation in the period 1990-2018 and the frequency of active fires for the period 2001-2020 were determined. The highest environmental availability for the four species was projected in the Amazon region, Chocó region and foothills of the Andes mountain. The area of adaptation of Cedrelinga cateniformis is restricted to the Amazon region since the Andes mountain constitutes a natural barrier that prevents the colonization of potential distribution areas in the Litoral and Chocó region. Clarisia racemosa, Maclura tinctoria and Terminalia amazonia are distributed both in the Amazon region and in the Litoral region. Maclura tinctoria was more affected by deforestation processes and wildfires, since it lost 33% of forest cover during the 1990-2018 period and showed a density of 0,039 FA/km2 during the 2001-2020 period, followed by Clarisia racemosa with the 14% degraded forest and 0,013 FA / km2, Terminalia amazonia with 13% degraded forest and 0,003 FA/km2 and Cedrelinga cateniformis with 9% degraded forest and 0,002 FA / km2. Key words: distribution, wildfires, deforestation, species

• Päätekijä: Angamarca Angamarca, Erick Darío (author)
• Aineistotyyppi: bachelorThesis
• Kieli: spa
• Julkaistu: 2022
• Aiheet: DEFORESTACION; INCENDIOS FORESTALES
• Linkit: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/24490