Determinantes del desempleo a nivel mundial: nueva evidencia para los países según su nivel de ingresos

At present, approximately 5.39% of the active population is unemployed, which is why this phenomenon is considered one of the main problems to combat. The present research aims to examine the relationship of unemployment with schooling and the population growth rate of 110 countries classified by income levels, during the period 1995-2018. To achieve this, regression and cointegration techniques are used with panel data, obtained from the World Bank (2019) and UNDP (2019). The results of the GLS model report the existence of a direct relationship between unemployment and schooling as well as an inverse association between unemployment and the population growth rate. The cointegration tests point towards the existence of equilibrium in the short and long term, implying that the set of explanatory variables directly affect the dependent variable. The causality tests indicate the presence of bidirectional causality of unemployment with schooling and population growth. The results are maintained both globally and for each country classification. The derivations of this research determine that investment in education alone does not seem to be sufficient to reduce unemployment, so it is suggested that governments, through their tax collection agencies, provide tax exemptions to new companies as well. as benefits for existing ones, for example, reductions for early payment or tax time, as long as this investment is productive. In addition, the creation of training centers according to the needs of the labor market is recommended.

• 1. autor: Zambrano Ordoñez, Edinson Ronaldo (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Język: spa
• Wydane: 2020
• Hasła przedmiotowe: ECONOMÍA; DESEMPLEO; EDUCACIÓN; POBLACIÓN
• Dostęp online: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/23727