“Evaluación del crecimiento y rendimiento de maíz (Zea mays L.) usando Methylobacterium symbioticum como fuente fijadora de nitrógeno en el sector la Argelia del cantón Loja”

The corn (Zea mays L.) crop is in increasing demand globally. However, at the national and especially at the provincial level, low yields are an evident problem affecting the corn sector. Among the factors limiting corn production is poor crop management, based on not providing the potential conditions for the crop to develop. Among the management options, the use of biofertilizers is a tool in vogue to protect the environment and promote organic production; however, it is necessary to evaluate the efficiency of the products introduced in the market. The objective of this research was to evaluate the growth and yield of corn, INIAP 180 variety, using Methylobacterium symbioticum as a nitrogen-fixing source in the La Argelia sector of the city of Loja. The trial was established under a Completely Randomized Block Design (CSBD) with 5 treatments and 3 replicates each. The treatments were T1 corrected nitrogen, T2: Methylobacterium at 2 times, T3: Methylobacterium at 3 times, T4 corrected nitrogen + Methylobacterium at 2 times and a control treatment. Morphophysiological variables such as plant height, leaves per plant, stem diameter, relative chlorophyll content SPAD, fresh and dry weight of foliage were measured. For productive variables, ear length, number of rows per ear, number of grains per ear were taken into account, and finally the seeds were shelled and weighed to calculate the yield expressed in kilograms per hectare. The inoculum had a significant effect on plant height and stem diameter was greater when Methylobacterium was applied in 2 and 3 times due to these bacteria help to fix atmospheric nitrogen for the plant and these independent of the availability of nitrogen in the soil. The highest relative chlorophyll content was presented when Methylobacterium was applied at 3 times since this bacterium fixes in the chloroplasts in order to use its nitrogenase complex and provide nutrients to the plant. Regarding the performance parameters, significant statistical differences were found, highlighting the treatment with three applications of Methylobacterium which reached close to 8 t/ha, indicating that the INIAP 180 variety can benefit from the inoculation of this microorganism.

• Autore principale: Cruz Ormaza, Holger Ismael (author)
• Natura: bachelorThesis
• Lingua: spa
• Pubblicazione: 2024
• Soggetti: MAIZ; MICROORGANISMOS; INIAP 180
• Accesso online: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/31732