Respuesta de dos niveles de sombra y fertilización sobre el crecimiento y desarrollo del cacao (Theobroma cacao L.); clon EETP-801 en la parroquia Los Encuentros, cantón Yantzaza

Cocoa is a crop that has great importance worldwide, this is the reason why several studies have been carried out concerning development and productivity. However, there is not enough information about the management of the new cocoa clones launched by the Tropical Experimental Station Pichelingue EETP-801, regarding fertilization and shade, especially in those that are influenced by the conditions of the Ecuadorian Amazon. This research was conducted to evaluate the influence of shade and nutrition on the growth and development of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), clone EETP-801. The trial was carried out at the experimental station "El Padmi", located in Zamora Chinchipe province. The trial was conducted on a cocoa crop planted at 3.5 x 4.0 m, 2.5 years old, under a random design with a bifactorial arrangement, in which the effect of two levels of shade and two levels of fertilization were determined in four treatments: T1 = control (0 % shade and 0 % fertilization), T2 = 80 % shade and 0 % fertilization, T3 = 100 % fertilization and 0 % shade and T4 = 80 % shade and 100 % fertilization, each treatment had six replications. The variables evaluated were pH determination, soil electrical conductivity (EC), crown diameter, trunk cross-sectional area (ASTT), leaf area (FA), leaf area index (LAI), entry into production, cocoa fruit phenology, fruit growth curve, estimated fruit weight, chlorophyll concentration, and stomatal density. The results in the variables of pH, fruit growth curve, and chlorophyll concentration showed significant differences. The application of 80% shade and 100% fertilization decreased soil pH, and the chlorophyll concentration was higher in the treatment with 80% shade and 100% fertilization. The treatment with 80% shade showed a higher fruit growth, obtaining 22.58 cm. No significant statistical differences were found in the variables EC, ASTT, crown diameter, AF, IAF, estimated fruit weight, and stomatal density. The results of this research suggest using shade with an intensity of 80% for vegetative growth of cocoa clone EETP-801 without incorporating fertilizers, or applying the fertilizers required by the crop, but without any intensity of shading. Key words: Nutrition, stomata, chlorophyll.

• Autore principale: Jiménez Jiménez, Rosa Alexandra (author)
• Natura: bachelorThesis
• Lingua: spa
• Pubblicazione: 2022
• Soggetti: THEOBROMA CACAO; FERTILIZACIÓN; CRECIMIENTO
• Accesso online: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/25439