Determinación de electrolitos en niños menores de cinco años con enfermedad diarreica aguda que acuden al Hospital Regional Isidro Ayora y su relación con el grado de deshidratación

Acute diarrhea is a public health problem in most developing countries that mainly affects children under five years and not being treated on time leads to dehydration and even death. It has been estimated that in Asia, Africa and Latin America, each year about 3.3 million children under 5 from diarrhea. In our country the number of reported cases is 450 963 (2), in the province of Loja the number of cases is 18,148(2). The severity of diarrhea was related to the degree of dehydration so it is fundamental to have the most accurate assessment possible of this, to avoid delay in treatment as unnecessary interventions preventing severe complications and death. A descriptive, prospective cross-sectional study, where the determination of electrolytes in children under five with acute diarrhea attending the Regional Hospital Isidro Ayora period July was made was made - September 2013; sodium, potassium and calcium was quantified by Ion selective electrode method, was taken from a universe of 102 patients, a representative sample of 50 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The degree of dehydration based on clinical criteria established by the IMCI, for which residents participated in the medical study in the area of pediatrics was assessed. The results showed that 92 % of children with ADD had normal sodium; calcium normally present 88 % and 86 % presented the normal potassium. Dehydration was the most prevalent “with some dehydration “at 98%. By relating the values of electrolytes with the degree of dehydration was concluded that , in mild dehydration no child present electrolyte disturbances, with some dehydration 6 % presented hyponatremia 8% hypocalcemia and 14% hypokalaemia in severe dehydration the 2 % presented hypernatremia. Keywords: Dehydration, children, diarrhea, electrolyte, Ion Selective Electrode.

• Auteur principal: Fernández Ríos, Karla Vannesa (author)
• Format: bachelorThesis
• Langue: spa
• Publié: 2014
• Sujets: DESHIDRATACIÓN; DIARREA; ELECTROLITOS
• Accès en ligne: http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/13948