Optimización de la red de distribución de agua potable de la ciudad de Loja mediante el diseño y modelación de válvulas reguladoras de caudal en los tanques de reserva
This thesis topic was performed by the need to improve the managment of water resources in the distribution networks of drinking water on the Loja city, mainly due to a high rate of leakage about 50%, and the overdemand on peripheral áreas where drinking water is often 4 used for different purposes...
Պահպանված է:
| Հիմնական հեղինակ: | |
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| Ձևաչափ: | bachelorThesis |
| Լեզու: | spa |
| Հրապարակվել է: |
2016
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| Խորագրեր: | |
| Առցանց հասանելիություն: | http://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/12926 |
| Ցուցիչներ: |
Ավելացրեք ցուցիչ
Չկան պիտակներ, Եղեք առաջինը, ով նշում է այս գրառումը!
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Ավելացրեք ցուցիչ | Ամփոփում: | This thesis topic was performed by the need to improve the managment of water resources in the distribution networks of drinking water on the Loja city, mainly due to a high rate of leakage about 50%, and the overdemand on peripheral áreas where drinking water is often 4 used for different purposes than human consumption, such as car washing, watering and more. The objectives are: General purpose. Optimizacion of the water distribution network on Loja city, through the desing and modeling of flow control valves on the storage tanks. Specific objectives: a) Sectorize water network distribution on Loja city, by creating hydrometric districts, acording to each storage tanks, b) Calculate the population density for each hydrometric sector, c) Determine the theoretical flow, corresponding to each sector, depending on the population belonging to each of them, d) Decrease of water demand in each sector by the use of the vital resource for activities like irrigation of orchards, gardens, car washing, among others, e) Sizing of flow control valves for each of the sectors to be created, according to the required flow f) Perform a hydraulic model would to stabilize and to improve the flow distribution on the different areas of the city. For its development, it was considered 33 areas served by transmission lines from the drinking water treatment plant Carigán. The determination of flow rates in each sector was based on the 2010 census data by the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses as well as the dotation recommended by the Ministry of Housing of 200 l / person / day. The hydraulic model analysis was done through the softwares: EPANET and WaterGEMS. Valve sizing was made through the Zizing Bermand Software. It was found that to control up to 37 l/s, valves are needed in the range up to 200 mm diameter. Diaphragm valves were considered with V-Port, allowing better control of the flow stream. This technical research was complemented by an enviromental impact analysis and a socio-economic analysis. The enviromental impact analysis reflects that the Project does not is dangerous for the nature, and helps to creat jobs. Moreover, the socio-economic study indicates that investment in control devices is feasible as a result of the decrease in operating and maintenance costs. The main conclusions are: 1) The implementation of flow control valves is necessary because it reduces leakage rates and reduces the need to build infrastructure for the raw water intake, 2) Installation of flow control valves is inexpensive compared to the benefits 5 it can provide with respect to the distribution of drinking water, 3) Negative environmental impacts are reversible and temporary, however there are positive impacts such as job creation that make the Project attractive, 4) Investing is recoverable, and produces profits that can be reinvested in the management of urban water networks and 5) a comparison between valves and pipes dimensions give the conclusión that the system needs flow regulations valves or any additional control device. |
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