Residuos de plaguicidas en hortalizas de hoja, provenientes de sistemas de producción convencional, agroecológico y con certificación orgánica

The Ecuadorian economy is strongly linked to agriculture, in 2020 this sector contributed 9.8 % of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In Ecuador, about 47 % of the agricultural area uses some type of chemical pesticide on its crops, and its use has increased significantly. Pesticides at levels that exceed the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) legally admitted in food constitute a serious problem for food safety. The objective of this study was to evaluate pesticide residues in leafy vegetables from conventional, agroecological, and certified organic production systems. Initially, surveys were carried out aimed at the owners or managers of establishments selling agricultural inputs to identify the most commonly purchased pesticides. It was evidenced that the insecticides in the group of organophosphates and pyrethroids have a greater demand in the market. Subsequently, the vegetables with the highest production were determined, establishing that lettuce and Creole cabbage have high production in the local market. Plant material was collected from municipal markets, agroecological fairs, and supermarkets that sell certified organic products. The samples were taken to the laboratory to be detected and quantified using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (CG/MS-MS). In this study, it was not possible to detect insecticide residues in the total (100 %) of samples analyzed for both Lactuca sativa L. and Brassica oleracea, from various production systems (conventional, agroecological, and certified organic). The results obtained could indicate that the food security of the study area is not affected, however, continuous monitoring is necessary for other foods and scenarios. This will make it possible to identify possible breaches of regulations and prevent risks to public health. Keywords: agroecological, GC/MS-MS, insecticides, organophosphates, pyrethroids

• Autor principal: Guerrero León, Beatriz Alexandra (author)
• Format: masterThesis
• Idioma: spa
• Publicat: 2023
• Matèries: AGROECOLOGIA; INSECTICIDAS
• Accés en línia: https://dspace.unl.edu.ec/jspui/handle/123456789/27721