Uso de la biotecnología reproductiva para el mejoramiento genético mediante la transferencia de embriones en ganado bovino

Reproductive biotechnology, especially embryo transfer, is a crucial tool for genetic improvement in livestock, as it allows the multiplication of genetically superior animals, so accelerating genetic progress, facilitating the spread of desirable traits, preserving valuable genetic lines, and storing unique genetic resources that can be readily available for future use. Embryo transfer optimizes the genetic quality of livestock, which in turn enhances productivity in the agricultural sector and contributes to increased economic returns, as a greater number of calves from genetically superior animals are produced in a single estrous cycle. For embryo transfer to achieve the desired success, it is important to select and manage animals that will serve as donors, recipients, and sires. Therefore, the personnel involved must be trained to make the correct choices, properly manage protocols for donor superovulation, obtain the highest number of viable oocytes for fertilization, and then collect transferable embryos with high chances of resulting in pregnancy. Moreover, moving embryos, from a sanitary perspective, is the safest way to transport genetic material. The collected embryos can be transferred to the recipient immediately or preserved for an extended period at low temperatures. If transferred imminently, artificial synchronization of estrous cycles between the donor and recipient female is necessary. For the long-term storage of embryos, cryopreservation is employed, a process whereby cells or tissues are preserved at low temperatures, halting their metabolic activity; this method is being replaced by vitrification. However, pregnancy rates remain lower than those obtained when transferring fresh embryos, prompting new research to innovate and develop effective techniques and instruments.

• Автор: Mora Monserrate, Karla Janela (author)
• Формат: bachelorThesis
• Опубліковано: 2024
• Предмети: Transferencia de embriones; Bovino; Reproducción; Donantes; Receptora; Superovulación; Mejoramiento genético
• Онлайн доступ: http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/16048