Manejo integrado de Euprosterna elaeasa Dyar en el cultivo de palma aceitera Elaeis guineensis Jacq
In oil palm, the insect E. elaeasa is one of the pests of greatest economic importance and, like other defoliating pests, constant monitoring of its populations is necessary; It is very prolific, infesting large areas of crops and quickly reaching high population levels, causing up to 80 % defoliati...
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| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Publicado: |
2024
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| Acceso en línea: | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/16170 |
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Agregar Etiqueta | Sumario: | In oil palm, the insect E. elaeasa is one of the pests of greatest economic importance and, like other defoliating pests, constant monitoring of its populations is necessary; It is very prolific, infesting large areas of crops and quickly reaching high population levels, causing up to 80 % defoliation and subsequent large yield losses. This research was developed as a non-experimental component of a bibliographic nature, through a technique of analysis, synthesis and summary of the information obtained. Based on the above, it is determined that the E. elaeasa larvae between the second and fourth stages gnaw the lower part of the epidermis, thus facilitating the entry of pathogenic microorganisms that cause Pestalotiopsis. From the fifth or sixth stage, the larvae eat the leaves and, when their population is high, they leave only the central vein of the leaves; The larvae alone can consume between 40 and 75 cm2 of leaf area, with 68 % of consumption occurring in the final stage. Monitoring is carried out through sampling on sheet numbers 17 and 25 once a month; The critical index is greater than 12 larvae per leaf to proceed with the respective control. Biological, cultural and chemical control methods are the most appropriate to reduce the publications of the pest insect E. elaeasa in oil palm cultivation. The following measures can be applied for the cultural control of E. elaeasa in oil palm cultivation: Use of light traps, capture of adults and pruning in the crop. The insecticides recommended for the control of E. elaeasa in oil palm are: Diptex, Azodrín, Sevín, Cymbush, Ripcord and Decis, Sumicidin, Bacillus thuringiensis (biopesticides: Thuricide, Dipel 8 L), Alsystin and Dimilin. Within the biological control of E. elaeasa in oil palm there are natural parasitoids such as: Trichogramma, Casinaria sp. Bacillus thuringiensis and polynuclear polyhedrosis virus. |
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