“Influencia del riego sobre la población de hongos micorrizicos y fertilización fosfórica en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao)”

SUMMARY The present experimental work was carried out on the land owned by Mr. Víctor Velasco Veloz, in the canton Montalvo, between the geographic coordinates of 010 79` 17 "of South Latitude and 790 29`44" of West Longitude, with a height of 54 msmn. The area has a tropical climate, with an average annual temperature of 25.0 ° C, annual rainfall of 1 460 mm, relative humidity of 83.75%. The soil is deep clay-like texture, drainage and regular fertility. The established CCN-51 foreign-grown type cocoa crop was used as study material. The treatments studied were systems with irrigation and without irrigation, with doses without phosphorus and with phosphorus interacted with products based on mycorrhizae such as Micor in a dose of 1.0 L; Bioremedy in doses of 400 g and Huxtable mycorrhiza in a dose of 1000 g. According to the treatments proposed in the present experimental work, the experimental design "Random blocks" was used, in factorial arrangement A x B x C, with 12 treatments and 3 repetitions, applying the Tukey test at 95% probability. Agricultural practices were carried out, such as weed control, phytosanitary control, irrigation, pruning, fertilization and harvesting. To determine the results, soil and microbiological analysis data, leaf analysis, percentage of mycorrhizal colonization, spore count, ear diameter and length, number of ears per tree and seeds per ear, yield per hectare and economic analysis were evaluated. . Based on the results obtained, it was determined that the influence of irrigation on the population of mycorrhizal fungi and phosphoric fertilization obtained favorable responses in the cultivation of cocoa; the highest percentage of colonization and spore count was presented by applying the system with irrigation, using 40 kg / ha of Phosphorus with mycorrhizae Huxtable in a dose of 1000 g / ha; cob diameter and length obtained highly significant differences in all Factors and interactions; in the number of ears / tree and seeds per ear reported better averages applying irrigation interacted with application of 40 kg / ha of phosphorus and the product mycorrhiza Huxtable in doses of 1000 g / ha and the highest yield of the crop was shown in the system with irrigation, using 40 kg / ha of Phosphorus with mycorrhiza Huxtable in doses of 1000 g / ha. Keywords: cocoa, fertilization, phosphorus, fungi, mycorrhizae.

• Hoofdauteur: Segura Silva, Pedro Luis (author)
• Formaat: bachelorThesis
• Taal: spa
• Gepubliceerd in: 2019
• Onderwerpen: Cacao; Fertilizacion; Fosforo
• Online toegang: http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/6144