Producción y agronomía de siete líneas F4 de arroz, derivadas de cruces interespecíficos entre Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica x Oryza rufipogon G., en la zona de Babahoyo.

SUMMARY Rice (Oryza sativa L.), is one of the most important crops in the world and the main basic cereal as a means of survival and food for humanity. It is produced in 113 countries and is the food of more than the half of the world's population. Currently the FACIAG-UTB, is conducting a cross-breeding study between japonica rice and wild species, in order to generate new varieties of high productivity, with milling and culinary quality; and if possible with characteristics of resistance to pests and diseases. This research had as main objective; to determine the production capacity and agronomy of seven advanced rice lines 87 sublines, derived from interspecific lines between Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica x Oryza rufipogon G. The present work was carried out in Ecuador, in the sector of the CEDEGE project, Babahoyo canton, Los Ríos province, Valle Verde farm; located at km 5.5 of the Babahoyo road. The following agronomic and production variables were evaluated: vigor, flowering (days), vegetative cycle (days), number of tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, length of the flag leaf (cm), width of the flag leaf (cm), height of the plant (cm), panicle length (cm), grain / panicle, sterility (%), shelling (%), weight of 1000 grains (g), grain length with peel (mm), length peeled grain (mm), grain width with shell (mm), husked grain width (mm) and grain shape (mm). The variables for their analysis were subjected to an ANOVA and the Tukey test 5%; In addition, an analysis of Relative Variability (%) was applied for the selection of lines and superior sublines, the analysis of Principal Components and the analysis of Conglomerates was also carried out. According to the results obtained in this investigation, with respect to the flowering and vegetative cycle, all the lines presented uniformity, occurring at 97 days and 141 days, respectively. The lines PUYÓN / JP002 P8-31 and PUYÓN / JP002 P8-32, obtained the highest number of panicles per plant and the lines PUYÓN / JP002 P8-28 and PUYÓN / JP002 P8-32, the highest weight of the 1000 grains, while that PUYÓN / JP002 P8-29 and PUYÓN / JP002 P8-32, obtained the highest number of grains per panicle. The control SFL-011, presented minor results in most of the variables, except in plant height and panicle length. The analysis of the relative variability (%) performed for the yield variable (g / plant), allowed to establish the best production lines, called PUYÓN / JP002 P8-31 and PUYÓN / JP002 P8-29. It also allowed the selection of 17 sub-lines of better production, which presented yield values per plot, which were from 54.0 to 62.0 g in average approximately, and relative variability (%), which ranged from 0.49 to 0.77 %. This study concludes that it is necessary to continue with the study of the selected segregants to the Filial 5 (F5), because they are materials with superior characteristics, therefore; hybridization should be continued with wild rice species, since they have genes of great importance, to create and have a great genetic variability to generate new varieties for the rice sector. Keywords: Rice, Filial 5 (F5), genetic improvement, agronomic characterization, wild rice (Puyón).

• Автор: Velasco Guerrero, Carlos Luis (author)
• Формат: bachelorThesis
• Мова: spa
• Опубліковано: 2019
• Предмети: Arroz Filial; Mejoramiento genetico; Arroz Silvestre
• Онлайн доступ: http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/5995