“Estimación del índice de mérito total del programa de mejoramiento genético sostenible de bovinos de leche de la parroquia Pujilí-la Matriz”
The province of Cotopaxi is the fourth largest cattle-producing province in Ecuador, with approximately 256,000 head of cattle, most of which are small and medium-sized producers. However, these producers face difficulties in milk production due to the lack of phenotypic and genotypic information on...
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| Natura: | bachelorThesis |
| Pubblicazione: |
2023
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| Accesso online: | http://repositorio.utc.edu.ec/handle/27000/10980 |
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Aggiungi Tag | Riassunto: | The province of Cotopaxi is the fourth largest cattle-producing province in Ecuador, with approximately 256,000 head of cattle, most of which are small and medium-sized producers. However, these producers face difficulties in milk production due to the lack of phenotypic and genotypic information on the animals, which makes it difficult to estimate their genetic value. In order to address this problem, an investigation was carried out in the Pujilí-La Matriz Parish, located in the southern region of Pujilí Canton, which includes the neighborhoods of La Merced, 20 de December, San Isidro, and Cochaloma. Through the analysis of genealogical data, production costs, daily weight gain, milk production, and milk density, the challenges faced by producers in determining genetic improvement objectives to maximize production were identified. Results revealed that the average price per liter of milk, based on production costs, is $0.22 cents, with an average profit of $137.90. However, this resource is unsustainable, since compared to the cost of the basic food basket of $450, producers are at a loss 450, and the producers have a loss of $312.90. In addition, it was observed that the average daily weight gain is 123.46 g/day, which would require 6 generations to reach the estimated value of 740 g/day. In terms of milk production, the parish average was 841.60 kg/day/lactation, requiring 6 generations to reach the estimated value of 5049 kg/day/lactation. In terms of milk density, the average was 1.023 g/ml, and one generation would be required to reach the estimated value of 1.032 g/ml. As a result of the analysis, two cows were selected, Aruna and Quiteña, which have the necessary parameters considering the selection values obtained by the Best Linear Unbiased Predictor (BLUP) statistical method. This method is used to estimate genetic values and genetic gains for traits of interest. In summary, this research provides valuable information for milk producers in the Pujilí-La Matriz Parish, in order to improve animal selection and achieve better results in terms of milk production. |
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